Art, Music, & literature from 1950 to 1960

Introduction

Art in America has developed an entirely different conditions than the art of other nations. In the New World there was no traditional society, which for centuries have left their imprint on the development of the country and its people. The United States began as a group of colonies and their people flowing in from all over the world with their habits and traditions. All these customs and traditions, appropriate to the needs of society in their homeland, it was necessary to adapt to life in an alien environment, among the many difficulties. The official "American" culture based on these modified traditions peculiar to different corners of the earth, but, nevertheless, differed from them, began to grow and develop only after it was created an independent state - United States of America.

First, American leaders saw the development of art as a sign of success and maturity of the new state, a sign that with the passage of time has become increasingly apparent. "I must study politics and military affairs, so that my sons have gained the freedom to study mathematics and philosophy - wrote in 1780, John Adams, second President of the United States. - My sons must study mathematics and philosophy, geography and social history, boat building and navigation, commerce and agriculture in order to give their children a right to study painting, poetry, music, architecture, art, sculpture, tapestries, and the creation of the porcelain. "

The twentieth century was the lid of diversity. But not all the works of this century had a distinctly avant-garde nature. Many composers have sought in his work to continue the romantic tradition of the past (Rachmaninov, Richard Strauss), or looking for inspiration in an age of classicism and the baroque (Maurice Ravel, Paul Hindemith, Jean-Louis Martin). Some refer to the origins of ancient cultures (Carl Orff), or entirely based on folk art (Leoš Janacek, Bela Bartok, Zoltan Kodaly). However, composers actively continue to experiment in their writings and discover new facets and possibilities of harmonic language, images and structures.

Discussion

The twentieth century saw many innovations in art and literature related to catastrophic changes in the public consciousness in a period of revolutions and world wars. The new conditions of social reality have affected the entire artistic culture in general, on the one hand, giving a new breath of the classical tradition, on the other - giving birth to new art - Avant-gardism (from Fr. and guys, and best-Guard detachment), or modernism (from Lat. modernus-new, modern), best reflects the face of time. In essence, the term "modernism" refers to artistic trends, trends, schools and the activities of individual artists of the twentieth century, proclaimed the freedom of expression, the basis of his creative method (Lioy and Georgopoulos).

Art culture is experiencing an unprecedented up to now on a grand collapse dramatically different movements. In these tumultuous and numerous art movements are several main: Fauvism, Expressionism, abstraktivizm, Futurism, Cubism, Surrealism, purism, Orphism, Constructivism.The radio continued its penetration in the ...