Application: Using the Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom Continuum

Application: Using the Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom Continuum

Clinical Question

How to decrease the number of heart patients in US?

Introduction

Heart disease or cardiac diseases are the malady of heart. Today according to World Health Organization it has been the leading cause of deaths in Australia, US, UK, Canada and many other countries (WHO, 2013). There are several types of heart diseases listed below:

Mitral valve prolapse: The left valve of the heart does not close tightly

Arrhythmia: caused by the asymmetrical heart beats. It can be classified into four types

Tachycardia, Bradycardia, Premature contraction and Fibrillation caused by quick, sluggish before time and unbalanced heartbeats respectively

Coronary artery disorder: due to injured arteries which supply heart with the essential items

Myocardial infarction: blockage of arteries leading to heart attack

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: it is an inherited disease in which the left part of the heart faces difficulty in driving the blood to the body

Mitral regurgitation: laziness occurs in patients as the route of blood transfer to the body gets affected (Medlineplus, 2013).

Pulmonary stenosis: difficulty in movement of blood within the heart

Angina: caused due to lack of oxygen in the body

Dilated cardiomyopathy: the chambers of heart broadens, mostly left part of the heart is affected by this disease

Heart failure: blood is not able to travel from heart to the parts of body

Congenital heart syndrome: it is a by birth disorder. It kinds include cyanotic, obstruction and septal faults caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the body, blockage of chambers and punctured heart respectively (AHA, 2013).

Discussion

Causes of Heart Diseases

High blood pressure

High cholesterol level

Excessive smoking

Alcohol usage

Lack of physical exercises

Unbalanced diet

Diabetes

Obesity

Data

Statistics obtained from the regular surveys in US. The source for the below mentioned data is Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012):

Deaths each year in USA due to heart diseases: 0.6 million

Deaths due to coronary heart disease: 0.385 million

Deaths due to other disorders: 0.215 million

Deaths of men across USA due to heart disease: 307,225

White men: 8.5%

Black men: 7.9%

Mexican American: 6.3%

Deaths of females across USA due to heart disease: 292,188

White women: 5.8%

Black women: 7.6%

Mexican American women: 5.6%

Sudden disorders of men percentage: 70-89 Deaths percentages of different groups due to heart disease:

Whites: 25.1%

African Americans: 24.5%

Asians or Pacific Islanders: 23.2%

Hispanics: 20.8%

American Indians or Alaska natives: 18.0%

Person suffering heart attacks each year: 0.715 million

People suffering with first attacks each year: 0.525 million

People suffering with already heart attacks: 0.19 million

Money spent each year on heart diseases: $444 billion

Money spent each year on coronary heart disease: $108.9 billion.

People suffering from heart disease because of smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol level percentage: 49%

People suffering with high cholesterol in USA: 17%

Non-Hispanic blacks: 34.4% men and 27.7% women

Mexican Americans: 41.9% men and 31.6% women

Non-Hispanic whites: 30.5% men and 32.0% women.

People suffering with high blood pressure in USA: 31%

Cost spent each year on high blood pressure patients: $47.5 billion each year.

Smoking facts and figures:

By sex: 21.6% of men, 16.5% of women

By Age: 18.9% of adults (18-24 years), 22.1% (25-44 years), 21.4% (45-64 years) and 7.9% (65 years or above)

By Poverty Status: 29.0% of mature who live below the ...