ANGIOGENESIS

Metastatic Cascade and Angiogenesis

[Writer's initials]

[Dated]Metastatic Cascade and Angiogenesis

Introduction

Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from existing capillaries or capillary venous development, it mainly includes:

Activation of vascular basement membrane degradation;

Vascular endothelial cell activation, proliferation, migration;

Rebuild the formation of new blood vessels and the vascular network;

It is a complex process involving multiple molecules of a variety of cell.

Angiogenesis promoting angiogenesis factor and inhibitor of the coordinating role of the complex process, under normal circumstances, is in a state of equilibrium between the two, once this balance break will activate the vascular system, the excessive angiogenesis, or to inhibit vascular system vascular degeneration.  The identification of an angiogenic factor diffusible which was derived from tumours had been initially done by Shubik and Greenblatt in 1968.

Fig. The Tumour associated angiogenesis which gives birth to the new vessels

Blood Vessel Formation and Tumour Angiogenesis

The tumour associated vasculature formation is a process which is referred as the tumour angiogenesis, it is mandatory for the progress in the formation of the tumour. Tumour Associated Vessels are promoted by means of the tumour growth by the nutrients and oxygen and favours the tumour metastasis by the tumour cell facilitating into the circulation. In the phase of development, proliferation and differentiation induced by VEGF of endothelial cells from the angioblasts and hemogioblast to make primitive vascular plexus which is poorly differentiated and is referred to as vasculogensis. Ang-1 which is called Angeiopoietein-1 and the other type of morphogens induce the vascular plexus remodelling into the structured mature hierarchically vascular system by passage of the trimming differentiation, endothelial cell sprouting and the pericyte recruitments which is also called the angiogenesis. In the time of the occurrence of the tumour angiogenesis, Ang-2 which is colloquially called as angiopoietien-2 destabilizes the mature vessels' vessel walls. To the VEGF, Quiescent endotheliat cells become more sensitive, migrate and proliferate to form the new vessels. Derived from bone marrow endothelial cell progenitors are originated in the peripheral blood and can employ angiogenesis' places (Finke, et. al., 2000, pp. 39-62.

Fig. Development of the Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis' Causes

Angiogenesis Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a homodimeric glycoprotein of a single gene encoding direct stab stimulated vascular endothelial cell migration, proliferation and division, and increased micro vascular permeability. It is for the endothelial cell specificity highest, strongest angiogenic growth mitogen. VEGF and endothelial cells on two receptor KDR and Flt-1 high-affinity binding directly stimulate endothelial cell proliferation and induced migration and the formation of ...