Analysis of Type 1 & 2 Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is a form of diabetes. An autoimmune disease by classification, Type 1 diabetes leads to the obliteration of the cells that produce insulin in the pancreas. An increase of urine above the renal threshold (about 190-200 mg / dl in most people) is caused by lack of insulin (about 70-120 mg / dL in people without diabetes in people). This is a major symptom for the identification of the disease. Excessive drinking (polydipsia) and urination is caused, in patients, due the glucose or sugar in the urine. The discovery of this disease has been conventionally associated with this characteristic (Becker, p.222).

Unless treated with insulin medication, Type 1 diabetes is fatal. The conventional way for insulin administration is the injection though other common methods of administrating insulin include indwelling catheter, jet injection and inhaled insulin in addition to many other alternative methods. The process of replacing all the missing hormones previously produced by the beta cells is then non-functional in the pancreatic glands. Type 1 diabetes has also been recently treated through the process of pancreas transplantation.

The process of cell transplantation is currently being experimented and analyzed in rats and mice, and a few trials in humans have also taken place. Though there is a possibility of using stem cells for producing a populace of working beta cells, however, no substantial breakthrough progress has been made in this experiment since 2008.

Diagnosis

Type 1 diabetes is not necessarily a disease associated with childhood. Evidence exists that Type 1 diabetes occurs in adulthood, in fact, it is worth mentioning that in many incidents adults who actually have Type 1 diabetes are wrongly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes.

Preventive Measures

Though it has been proposed that a vaccine is tested, as well as antibodies against the current policy, nevertheless, there is presently no defensive measure clinically functional against type 1 diabetes. Many healthy people with a healthy weight tend to develop type 1 diabetes, however, it is normal for the patient to gain excessive weight due to obesity and effects of the disease. However, weight can be quickly and dangerously lost by patients, if they are not diagnosed immediately. Though the actual cause of this disease is still not understood, however, a characteristic that has been commonly observed as a consequence of Type 1 diabetes is the serious damage that is causes to the immune system. Peptide C -, which is a measure of self-production of insulin since external insulin does not (yet) include C - peptide, is a more precise test conducted in laboratories in order to distinguish between Type 2 and Type 1 diabetes. Also suggestive of Type 1 diabetes is the absence of insulin resistance which is determined by the glucose tolerance test or the presence of antibodies anti- island (to glutamic acid decarboxylase, insulinoma associated peptide - 2 or insulin). Numerous diabetes still have a certain degree of insulin resistance and continue to internally produce insulin.

A malfunction of ...