1.The organization of the executive branch overlooked by the President of the United States comprises of five categories including the Executive Office of the President, the White House Office, the National Security Council, the Council of Economic Advisors, and the Office of Management and Budget. The Executive Office of the President is headed by the President and is the department under which all the four major categories of the executive branch come under. The White House Office comprises of President's main advisors that are close friends and people that have played a vital role in the election or have supported him throughout President's election campaign. It includes the President's personal Lawyers, press secretary, appointment secretary, and other supporting personnel. The most important personality among this group is the Chief of Staff, who is responsible for overlooking the President's legislative goals, and works alongside the congress in order to complete the legislative goals. The National Security Council deals with the domestic, foreign and military policies that affect the security of the state. It is also headed by the President, with Vice President, secretary of defense, and secretary of state overlooking the important matters regarding the security issues and making policies relating to the security of the United States. The Council's activities are supervised by the President's National Security Advisor. Moreover, the Council of Economic Advisors provides the necessary information to the President relating to the issue of national economy, and it predicts national trends in the economy. Furthermore, the Office of Management and Budget carries out the complex task of preparing the financial budget to be presented to the congress. Additionally, the OMB overlooks the efficacy of the federal agencies and government organizations.
2.First of all, Americans vote for a specific Presidential candidate rather than voting for a particular political party. From the time of George Washington, it was decided that there would be no voting based on the political parties since it would lead to conflict and stagnation of the political system. However, there were two parties made from the people that swear allegiance to George Washington. Hence, it is up to the candidate to decide which party will he/she join or run for. In the primary elections the party remains neutral until a candidate is elected. The primary elections are generally organized by the state. Each candidate has his/ her own campaign which he/she needs to fund raise by their selves. The funding of the campaign has always been a controversial issue not only in the US elections but throughout the world. Since, there are many chances of corruption in this regard. The political campaign of each candidate is funded by private money that comes from individual and organizations that are close to the candidate or wanted to have a say in the government. Then there are general elections that are held where the general public votes for the electors in their respective state that forms the Electoral College that then votes for the candidate running ...