AMERICAN HISTORY

American History

American History

Question 1

Development after the Civil War associated with the construction of railways, highways and river channels, harbors facilitated the growth of industry and the creation of large domestic market. The American bourgeoisie used the European capital and borrowed the technical achievements of the advanced countries of Europe (Bayer & Resat, 2004).

Necessary labor gave millions of immigrants from Europe and Asia. In the last quarter of 19th century, the number of immigrants amounted to over 10 million people there were many skilled workers.

The successes of industry in the east led to the capitalist's eastern states under their domination of the economy of the West. Particularly quickly developing creative industries - steel, petroleum, chemical, electrical, etc had seen. Competition with other "old" capitalist countries and the relatively high cost of labor encourage the use of new machinery, new technology inventions and more improved methods for the production process. Volume of industrial production in the United States already in 1894 came out on top in the world, surpassing all other capitalist countries (Bayer & Resat, 2004).

The transformation of the United States into an industrial was country accompanied by a greater concentration of production and the centralization of capital. This process began before the Civil War, and especially strong in the 70s, mainly after the 1873 crisis in the late 70s began to form first union of capitalists. At first they appeared in the form of pools (agreements on the size of the capitalist production and regulation of market prices). In the 90s, they replaced by trusts representing a giant union. By the end of the XIX century, the share of industrial products accounts for large enterprises and public companies reached 66.7% of total production value.

Question 2A

After the end of the Civil War and especially after 1869 railroad construction that greatly expands the market, the United States participated actively in international trade. First it should be noted that large areas of farmland and consequent production meant that the farmer's situation untenable as they offer so many had to be reduced over the export price and gave vent to some of that offer. Second United States was a relatively young and growing lacked capital. Capital without which there could have built the transcontinental line supported in part by Britain.

Finally, a general practice among all developed countries and that may seem more shocking. Industrial Intra makes a country's consumers enjoy a greater variety, while producers are dedicated to a single product (Doyle & Michael, 2006). This will specialize more and get higher productivity with lower costs, meaning that we find economies of scale. This leads to more competitive producers and expand the market. With the construction, of the railway, the abundance of resources and the growing industry, which increasingly larger number of items offered, the U.S. market grew by leaps and bounds. This resulted in the organization of companies changed, and they are grouped into trusts (Kalyvas, 2006).

Question 2B

Throughout history, humans have developed greatly as to communicate and to transport themselves or ...