African Approaches to Conflict Resolution and Peace Building



African Approaches to Conflict Resolution and Peace Building

Introduction

Firstly, this paper focuses on the conflict resolution and peace building regarding the African Approaches. For this purpose this paper examines African Approaches to Conflict Resolution and Peace Building.

Secondly, the paper will talk about African Aproaches to Conflict Resolution and Peace Building. Furthermore the essay argues that most agreements fail to be implemented because many negotiated agreements failure in the implementation process in Sudan.

Finally, the report will conlude on the view that Africans are all united geographically. It is in their best interest that they remain united. African unity is very important because without it? the world will keep not taking Africa seriously.

Abbreviations

GOS: Geospatial One Stop

SPLA: Sudan People's Liberation Army

IGAD: The Intergovernmental Authority on Development

NDA: Non-disclosure agreement

SPLA-SSIM: Sudan People's Liberation Army - Standard Schedules Information Manual

Discussion

The origin of the current conflict in Darfur that began in the early 1980s can be traced to two major developments. Since Sudan became independent? Darfur has suffered from negligence of power sharing and lack of development by successive Governments that failed to address the genuine constitutional procedures for the country and the economic disparity between the region and the rest of the Sudan. (ii) The policy of deliberate marginalization caused Darfurian people to establish political organizations in the late 1950s and in the mid-1960s? demanding economic development for the region and political representation in the centre (Allen? 1981? 167). But instead of addressing the negligence and its associated injustices? the Governments plunged the region into inter-ethnic conflicts? thus the ruling elites in Sudan (the Riverian Arabs) have been successful in implementing their policy of divide and rule in Darfur (Aarbakke? 2002). To that end the Sudanese Government's adopted policies of by-proxy war in Darfur? hence genocide? ethnic cleansing and earth scorching has become a common practice by the Khartoum regime in Darfur (using Arab militias “Janjaweed” against African indigenous tribes) (Ask? 2002). Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A) took up arms against the Government of the Sudan (GoS) in protest at the perceived lack of government protection against attacks on sedentary groups? thus SLM/A has been created in response to those challenges and the general policy of marginalization and deprivation by Khartoum Governments (Allen? 1981? 167). Sudan Liberation Movement/Army -Abdul Wahid- (SLM/A-A) is aware that the current conflict in Darfur is of political nature and cannot be resolved through military means. It recognizes that a deal can only be achieved through negotiated political settlement to ensure a lasting peace? but the deal on the table at Abuja was not the right deal (Bandura? 1973).

Analysis

The process of the Inter-Sudanese Peace Talks on the conflict in Darfur started as early as May 2001 in Darfur? even before the SLM/A declared itself by this name. Since then till December 2002? a total of 5 meetings of Peace Talks were held between the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the Movement in different places in Darfur? mainly in El Fasher and the Jabel Marra ...