ADHD

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Introduction

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD for short, Eng. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)) - neurological- behavioural developmental disorder that begins in childhood. Manifested by such symptoms as difficulty concentrating, hyperactivity and impulsivity, poorly managed. ADHD and its treatment cause a lot of controversy starting from 1970. The existence of ADHD is questioned several doctors, teachers, politicians, parents and the media. Some believe that ADHD does not exist at all; others believe that there are genetic and physiological causes of this condition. Many do not agree with that used for the treatment of ADHD stimulant medications.

Discussion

People with a disorder of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulty concentrating, be careful and to complete tasks in the least complex. They often have trouble staying up, waiting their turn and often act on impulse.

Although these behaviours can be found in all human beings, they are present in a pronounced and unusually prolonged in those with ADHD. They are also present in all the circumstances of life (not only at school or just at home, for example).

ADHD in adolescents and adults

ADHD is most often observed in children than in adults. It has indeed been much studied in children.. It remains however to adolescence in 40% to 70% of cases and into adulthood in about half of children who are affected. . An estimated 4% of adults suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Sometimes, ADHD is diagnosed until adulthood.

Three characteristic ADHD symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. In the vast majority of people, ADHD has a neurological origin which may depend on heredity and environmental factors. Experts are adamant about this: ADHD is not caused by unmet emotional needs or psychosocial problems, although it may be exacerbated by these factors.

Prevalence

This is the most common neurobehavioral disorder in children: 5% to 10% of them would be met. It has long argued that its prevalence was higher among boys, probably because boys with ADHD were more hyperactive behaviour, which is noticed more easily than girls (in which inattention predominates). However, studies that are more recent seem to reveal significant differences between the sexes.

Diagnostic Diagnosis

It is not easy to establish a diagnosis of ADHD, because the same symptoms can result from other disorders related more or less closely with ADHD. Therefore, the diagnosis of ADHD based on a thorough assessment of the child and his environment.

Causes

ADHD is a complex disease that has no single cause. It is a neurological disorder linked to abnormal development and brain function. Thus, the researchers found that among children or adults with ADHD, the brain areas responsible for attention, organizational skills and movement control are activated abnormally or have an unusual anatomy. They also noted an imbalance in the levels of certain chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) in the brain such as dopamine and nor epinephrine. Some causes are;

Genetics

Hereditary factors are major contributors to the onset of ADHD.

The Environment

Exposure to certain toxic substances (alcohol, tobacco, lead, pesticides, ...