[Wireless Network Sensors: Energy Conscious Routing for the Cluster Based Network Sensors]
By
ABSTRACT
Wireless Sensor Networks have been evolved and applied to industrial, commercial, defense and civil applications. Energy is the main constraint in sensor networks. Energy management techniques increases the life cycle of sensor network and enhances the performance of throughput. Multi-hop communication and clustering approaches are used to save the node energy in sensor networks. Energy aware protocols minimize the participation of sensor nodes with less threshold energy and selects optimal energy path. In sensor networks, Cluster Heads (CHs) collect data from the sensor nodes and forward it to the neighboring CHs and finally to the Base Station (BS). CHs contribute to save the node energy. Cluster management techniques aim to minimize the number of clusters, density of clusters and energy consumption per cluster. In this article, we propose Self-organized Energy Conscious Clustering protocol (SECC) for WSNs to group the sensor network into clusters based on node energy and node distance. If the node energy is below the threshold value, SECC forms self-organized clusters and re-organizes the sensor network. Nodes with energy attributes less than the threshold value are eliminated from the clusters to maintain energy efficient sensor network. Energy aware cluster management in SECC is based on node parameters (like node distance, node energy, node density) and cluster parameters (like cluster density, sensor nodes per cluster). Performance analysis and simulation results are given with variations in number of clusters, energy levels and node distance.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION4
Background of the Study4
Purpose of the Study4
Theortical Framework5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW7
History and Scope of Use7
Technology8
Model For Design Of A Wireless Local Area Network10
Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy12
Related work12
Routing on smart grid13
Smart grid communications network14
Home Area Network (HAN)16
Neighborhood Area Network (NAN)18
Wide Area Network (WAN)19
SG Applications on the Communications Network20
Advanced metering infrastructure22
Demand response22
Wide Area Situational Awareness23
Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and storage23
Electric Transportation24
Distributed Grid Management25
Routing Design Issues for Smart Grid26
Node Heterogeneity26
Interoperability26
Node placement27
Network Dynamics28
Security and Privacy29
Quality of Service (QoS)30
Routing protocol classification in SG communications31
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY33
How the Sensor Network34
Increase in Productivity35
Energy Management Techniques In WSNS36
Data Gathering36
Clustering37
Routing37
Coverage37
CHAPTER 4: SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION39
Energy and Cluster Metrics in the Proposed SECC Protocol39
Energy Metrics39
Cluster Metrics40
Self-Organized Energy Conscious Clustering40
Analysis of the Proposed SECC41
Simulations Results43
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS47
REFERENCES48
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
In the '90s, the networks have revolutionized the way people and organizations exchange information and coordinate their activities. In this decade we will witness another revolution, a new technology will allow the observation and control of the physical world. Recent technological advances have come true development of distributed mechanisms, tiny, inexpensive, low-power, which, also are capable of processing information so as to communicate locally wirelessly (Cheng & Shi, 2009: 3950). The availability of microsensors and wireless communications will develop networks of sensors / actuators for a wide range of applications. This will entail a necessary development of physical models, which require an analysis and monitoring effective and functional data. A second challenge to overcome is variability of this new environment.
While a distributed system develops good with reliability as a basic element, these ...