Standardized tests are used to measure cognitive skills, abilities, aptitudes, and achievements in a variety of applications in psychology, education, and other social sciences. Standardized measures also have been developed to assess personality, attitudes, and other non-cognitive characteristics. However, the focus of the present entry is on the measurement of cognitive characteristics, which are often referred to as tests.
Anastasi & Urbina (1996) mention that a standardized test is a measure of a well-articulated construct, has clearly stated purposes, is developed using highly structured procedures, is administered under carefully ...