Wheat Yields in Mediterranean Environment

Breeding For Increased Wheat Yields in a Moisture-Limited Mediterranean Environment



Abstract

The papers address the impact of breeding of wheat yields in a moisture-limited Mediterranean environment. An increased yield is one of the major significant contributions in breeding of wheat for the development of better quality and variety. On order to achieve such goals, he breeder has the option for selecting the panicle component characters. The research shows that the tolerance levels for wheat plant towards the post anthesis drought were mostly regulated by the translocation capacity for grain or dry matter. Thus, the major physical constraints for the production are terminal drought and the terminal heat stress as well as year to year weather variability. Drought is one of the leading causes for yield loss in such environments. In identifying the important pest and disease, the National breeding programs for limited size will usually require the important objectives of their programs with the certain non-essential, however advantageous targets which might be achieved. From the physiological point of view, it was expected that the resistance to stress traits will have a better expression under the higher-intensity stresses, moreover, the sites of this nature needs to include in the testing scheme at the risk for crop failures.

Breeding For Increased Wheat Yields in a Moisture-Limited Mediterranean Environment

Introduction

The Food significance and scale of production leads took the wheat. Production of this crop in all continents is 615 million tons. The five countries: Canada, USA, China, India, and Russia accounts for about half of the production of wheat grain.

An increased yield is one of the major significant contributions in breeding of wheat for the development of better quality and variety. On order to achieve such goals, he breeder has the option for selecting the panicle component characters. The major aim of the study was to determine the impacts on breeding for increased wheat yields in the moisture-limited Mediterranean environment (Yu, 1998, 1290-1296).

Thus, Mediterranean type of climate is usually characterised with variable and insufficient rainfall and humid winter period however having warm and dry summer seasons. The research shows that the tolerance levels for wheat plant towards the post anthesis drought were mostly regulated by the translocation capacity for grain or dry matter.

Discussion and Analysis

In the arid and semi-arid environments of many durum wheat production areas, yield stability to adverse water shortage and other climatic conditions is more critical than high yield potential in a cultivar. Breeding for increased durum wheat grain yield has become, in recent years, one of the main breeding goals in many Middle East countries, due to the increase in market demand for durum products. Rainfall in such areas (Mediterranean type environments) is unpredictable, and causes inconsistent environmental conditions for durum wheat growth and large genotype × environment (GE) interaction. In similar areas of Middle East, cereals are the dominant crop because of their versatility. Also, most cereals are more tolerant to abiotic stresses such as dryness, poor soils and salinity (Yencho, 2000, ...