I think that by need for acceptability, Benjamin means that access to care may be readily available but still rejected by patients as unacceptable. The Healthy People 2010 priority of eliminating racial and ethnic disparities in health care has paid great attention to cultural gaps between providers of care and those disadvantaged populations with less than optimal access to care. Specific programs have been initiated to address these concerns by increasing the supply of minority health professionals. An example is the Association of American Colleges' “3000 by 2000” program to increase the number of entering minority medical students to 3,000 per year.
Services may not be accessed because patients are uninformed regarding their availability. An example is screening services to detect diabetes in the adult population. In the absence of routine primary care, these services are often available at little or no cost, but the target population may be unaware of their existence. In addition, patients may also be uninspired to access such services because the patients lack basic health information on the consequences of untreated diabetes and the readily available means by which most diabetes may be controlled.
Patients may not trust the system, as in preventive dental services. Finally, the discomfort associated, in the mind of the patient, with care may result in failure to access the system.
Birth of Biometrics and Tightened Tolerance
The history of biometrics dates back to the late 1800s, when Sir Francis Galton (the founder of biometrics and cousin of Charles Darwin) opened the Anthropometric Laboratory at the International Health Exhibition in 1884. Galton's passion for applying statistical methods to biological phenomena eventually lead him to invent the first system of fingerprints in 1892. This system was adopted by police departments worldwide and is still used today.
For biometric identification systems to be reliable, physical and behavioral features used for recognition must be unique, permanent, measurable, and userfriendly. Uniqueness, biometrically, means that the trait being measured is specific to only one individual and must not appear in two people. If a trait is found in many people, then it is known as “universal” and is not unique. Permanence means that this trait must also not change over time or be able to be physically altered. Measurability means that these specific traits must be able to be consistently measured with technical instruments. The information measured must be able to ...