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Case - Option 1

With regard to the scenario the decision of Star Alpha medicines is by no means an ethical decision and I wouldn't personally support the plan even if country X has permitted Star Alpha to perform its experiment. We can clearly identify the ruling force that has made Alpha to market the product in country X which happens to be simply experimentation. Experimenting on the lives of the poor is all what Alpha's devious plan speaks volumes of. Even if country X has granted them permission for the experiment they should reduce the price of the drug and not sell it to them at it's original price. As firstly, it is still not verified being the right cure for breast cancer patients.

The drug being in it's infancy has to go through a lot of tests and confirmation of major supporting bodies in the pharmaceutical industry before it should officially go onto the shelf. Whether a medicine that has been developed in conjunction with a pharmacogenetic test should be used in a country, or any given subsection of a population, where testing facilities are not available would depend on a number of factors. These would include: the frequency and seriousness of any adverse reactions associated with the drug; the cost of the treatment against the proportion of the population on which it would demonstrate efficacy; and the severity of the healthcare need for that particular treatment. It might be unethical to provide a treatment without a test in a situation where it could only be used safely in a clearly defined subset of the population. On the other hand, in an extreme healthcare crisis, it might be considered unethical to withhold a treatment which would save lives, on the basis that it may cause limited adverse reactions in a small subset of the population. An issue of particular concern would be the way in which health insurers would use this information, and whether it could result in reduced access to healthcare services for certain parts of the population. The conditions under which those with the ability to pay could access drugs which tests predict would have a low probability of working effectively or a high probability of an adverse reaction could also be problematic. When talking about ethics in organizations, one has to be aware that there are two ways of approaching the subject--the "individualistic approach" and what might be called the "communal approach." Each approach incorporates a different view of moral responsibility and a different view of the kinds of ethical principles that should be used to resolve ethical problems. (Gloria Silk 2006 Pp. 14)

More often than not, discussions about ethics in organizations reflect only the "individualistic approach" to moral responsibility. According to this approach, every person in an organization is morally responsible for his or her own behavior, and any efforts to change that behavior should focus on the individual. (Anne Marie O'Keefe, 2000 " pp. 34-35)

But there is another way of understanding ...