Undergraduate male and female student's educational attainment is affected by their ethnic backgrounds

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would take this opportunity to thank my research supervisor, family and friends for their support and guidance without which this research would not have been possible.

DECLARATION

I [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.

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ABSTRACT

Educational attainment is considered as the most important determinant which affects many demographic behaviors. The underachievement issue has dominated the debate of educational attainment of the ethnic minority till 1990s. In Europe, achievement gap debate has reached to its extreme as exists between ethnic minority descendants and the native Whites are considered as the principle reasons for concern. The aim of the study is to determine the affect of undergraduate male and female educational attainment on the basis of their ethnic backgrounds. Research stresses on the importance of understanding the impact of parents in understanding education importance for children. The sample method used for the study would be purposive based on 100 male and female undergraduate students from different universities in Birmingham West Midlands. The findings of the study demonstrated that in many cases students face differentiated on the basis of ethnicity. It is recommended that there is a need to understand the diverse differences of the minority ethnic population in UK and the factors should be properly understood. Educational attainment is considered as the most important determinant which affects many demographic behaviors.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background1

Significance of the Study2

Problem Statement3

Research Aims and Objectives4

Research Question4

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW5

Educational attainment5

Culture and educational attainment8

Ethnicity and educational attainment9

Factors affecting educational attainment12

Discrimination12

Parents Involvement13

Impact of Gender16

Impact of Race18

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY19

Primary research19

Quantitative research19

Secondary research20

Data Collection20

Questionnaire20

Sample of the Study21

Data Analysis21

Research Ethics21

Confidentiality22

Research Plan22

CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION25

Survey Analysis25

Discussion36

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS40

Conclusion40

Limitations41

Recommendations42

REFERENCES43

APPENDICES47

Survey47

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Background

Achievement gap between the groups which are ethnically different and if they are persistently than they can create social segregation, dissonance and distraction. In America the persistence of black and white wage gap is a key problem of the debate of public policy. In Europe, this debate has reached to its extreme as achievement gap exists between ethnic minority descendants and the native Whites are considered as the principle reasons for concern. This case is more prominent in those countries that have experienced immigration on a large scale of ethnically diverse population after the Second World War ended. Britain stands out as the country of Europe which has the highest ethnically diverse population on a large scale which started in 1940s and till now the ethnic minority inhabitants have increased. In UK, the size of minority ethnic population in 2001 census was nearly 5 million or 8% of the total population. India was the largest minority group among them which was 2% of the population, after that Pakistanis which were 1.5% percent of the population following Black ...