TRANS-THEORETICAL MODEL AND MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING

Trans-theoretical Model of Change and Motivational Interviewing Strategies

Trans-theoretical Model of Change and Motivational Interviewing Strategies

Introduction

The contribution of psychology to the improvement of human health and the improvement of health care is increasingly recognized in developed countries. This contributes to the understanding that the introduction of theoretical development of modern psychologists and psychological techniques in medical practice gives good results with regard to the prevention and treatment of diseases and health promotion (Ward et al., 2011). It is essential to note the role of behavioural therapy, as an increasing number of physicians includes its elements into their daily practice. The modern approach to the correction of addictive behaviour includes behaviour therapy as an essential component (Corcoran, 2003). Today it emphasizes the need to use different theories and models when designing educational and perform interventions to achieve behavioural changes to help prevent and control obesity and other chronic diseases. They argue that it is essential to explore the current contents of the beliefs, perceptions, expectations and values in each group, using quantitative and qualitative methods such as surveys, in-depth interviews or focus groups, which have the advantage of delivering valuable information on subjective aspects that explain the behaviour of individuals (Ward et al., 2011). Without the right information, one cannot diagnose the real significance of the problem or less generate projections of possible links or consequences in the physical health status in the future, given that the main characteristic is that they are a group of diseases and / or degenerative that cause no apparent symptoms the individual.

The Trans-theoretical Model of health behaviour change, carried out in 1979 by James Prochaska, consolidated during the nineties as one of the most innovative in the area of health promotion and disease prevention. It provides opportunities to plan and implement interventions based on the specific characteristics of the populations they are intended actions, who detects five defined stages: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance. Various publications recognized the model's ability to describe and explain the various steps that are common to most behavioural change processes and the early nineties was progressively incorporated into the research and interventions from a broad range of behaviours and recognized as health risk (Corcoran, 2003).

Motivational Interventions, on the other hand, are aimed at increasing self-efficacy and sense for a person to develop their potential and motivate them to change for their better health. In fact, the treatment involves an adjustment in the patient's expectations that implies an acceptance of personal boundaries of both their own and those around them and a rethinking of the errors and mistakes as a way to acquire new learning.

Discussion

Trans-theoretical Model of Change

The trans-theoretical model of stages of change includes five phases to change human behaviour. This model suggests that behavioural changes in the population are gradually and each phase of the application involved interventions adapted to the context. The five stages are (Corcoran, 2003):

Contemplation: The subject warns that certain behaviours can endanger your health or warns that there is a health ...