TIMBER DESIGN

Timber Design

Timber Design

INTRODUCTION

The term timber is used to indicate the product is obtained industrially by the cultivation of trees wood. In addition, the term is used to indicate the wood in its temporary condition, as between cutting and subsequent use as structural timber. The activities of cultivation of forests, almost exclusively for timber production, are the growing of wood. The timber, whose consumption has been so attenuated, but not suppressed by the introduction of alternative materials, including the plastic still represents a voice fundamental balance of national economies, as such, has influenced the history of leading and motivating actions and strategies, also won the war, its supply is also vital for energy, just as happens in modern times for the oil or nuclear resources (Bredillet, 2008a, 3-4). The use of forestry resources is subject to objections of increasing risk sharing that highlight the serious ecological exploitation exasperation: the deforestation would affect, in fact, the chemical composition of the atmosphere and indirectly contribute to greenhouse. Among the first caller's regulations, sober is known in the reminiscent positions of the movement for the conservation of nature, coordinated by Gifford Pinchot and U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (Bredillet, 2008a, 3-4). However, this paper would focus on the study of timber design and its use in building houses and different products.

DISCUSSION

Formation of Timber

Timber is the cambium formed by the formation of tissue between the timber and bark (secondary growth in thickness). The division of a Kambiumzelle produces two cells, one of which retains its ability to divide and grow into a new initial cell. The other is a permanent cell that divides once or several times. From the line to later differentiating, Consolidation, or storage tissue cells created inside timber (secondary xylem). The production of Xylemzellen exceeds the production of phloem cells, by many times so that the beef's share of the total share is only about 5 to 15% (Besner, Hobbs, 2006, 37- 48). In our latitudes, there are four growth phases in respect to the climatic conditions:

Resting phase (November to February).

Mobilization phase (March, April).

Growth phase (May to July): timber cells that are produced in this time of year have large-bore, thin-walled and light in color and form the so-called early timber.

Deposition phase (August to October): timber cells that are created during this season are narrow, thick and dark in color and form the so-called late timber (timber or autumn) (Besner, Hobbs, 2006, 37- 48).

This cyclical growth patterns emerge in annual rings, which are clearly visible in a cross-section of a stem.

Structure

Timber has a species-specific anatomical model structure, so that species can be distinguished based on macro-and micro-structures of each other. The scientific description of timber structures and determination of species is the object of the timber anatomy (Caughron, Mumford, 2008, 204-215).

Chemical Constituents

The lignified cell walls of hard timbers and soft timbers contain the builders of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and to a lesser extent so-called extractives and minerals (ash content). Cellulose and hemicellulose are often grouped under the term ...