The Effect of Nicotine (via Electronic Cigarette) on Cognition
By
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would take this opportunity to thank my research supervisor, family and friends for their support and guidance without which this research would not have been possible
DECLARATION
I, [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.
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ABSTRACT
The present study examined the effect of nicotine on human cognition and memory. The study will focus of electronic cigarettes and its impact on human cognition and memory. This study will also talk about cognitive and memory in general to develop a better understanding. The method used in this study is secondary data analysis which is the tool of qualitative research.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII
DECLARATIONIII
ABSTRACTIV
TABLE OF CONTENTSV
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1
Background1
Purpose1
Effects of Nicotine and Snuff on Information Processing8
Cognition and Memory9
Immediate Memory Tasks10
Task delayed recall12
Other cognitive tasks and applied13
Nicotine and Alzheimer's disease14
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY17
Design17
Participants17
Materials/ Measures17
Procedure18
Literature Search21
Inclusion and exclusion criteria22
Ethical Concerns22
Validity22
Reliability/Dependability23
Limitations and Suggestion for Future Research24
CHAPTER 3: RESULTS25
Analysis of the results25
Interpretation of the results28
Comparison of Results with Previous Studies29
CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION31
REFERENCES35
APPENDIX43
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Background
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery-powered devices that deliver nicotine without any combustion or smoke. These devices have generated much publicity among the smoking-cessation community and support from dedicated users; however, little is known about the efficacy of the device as a smoking-cessation tool.
Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation using a survey of smokers who had tried e-cigarettes.
Nicotine, a colourless, oily compound, is the drug contained in tobacco that addicts the smoker. It is the fastest addictive drug known to mankind, and it can take just one cigarette to become hooked. Every puff on a cigarette delivers, via lungs to the brain, a small dose of nicotine that acts more rapidly than the dose of heroin the addict injects into his veins.
Nicotine is a quick- acting drug, and levels in the blood- stream fall quickly to about half within thirty minutes of smoking a cigarette. This explains why most smokers average about twenty per day (Allen Carr, 2004). As soon as the smoker extinguishes the cigarette, the nicotine rapidly starts to leave the body and the smoker begins to suffer withdrawal pangs.
This current study attempts to investigate whether nicotine administered via electronic cigarette has an effect on cognition (e.g. CPT, AVLT, ) in comparison with the placebo electronic cigarette. In a normal cigarette, produced by the combustion of plant parts and attached additives tar, carbon monoxide, particulate matter and a host of other harmful, toxic and carcinogenic substances.
The electronic cigarette or e-cigarette are generic names identifying generators of aerosol whose shape is reminiscent of the cigarette and used to deliver to users of steam or "artificial smoke" flavored with or without the nicotine . Other features of the same type exist, such as: e-cigar and the ...