The American Revolution

Introduction

The War of American Independence was an armed conflict that lasted eight long years, from 1775 to 1783. It was also a civil war between Americans and British subjects, and a rebellion against the colonial authorities and an insurrection against the king of England (George III) and the monarchy. It was finally a war of "national liberation", the first in modern history. It resulted in the only American camp, some 25,700 dead, which puts it second only to wars waged by the United States (after the civil war of 1812).

In British North America, the American Revolution and Independence had serious consequences. The American Revolution will explain the Quebec Act of 1774 and the Constitutional Act of 1791. As for Independence, it will not only change the Canada-US border, which was significantly reduced, but the demographic composition of Canada will change dramatically due to the arrival of tens of thousands of American loyalists. In addition, these changes will create another "province" or British colony, New Brunswick, and the separation of the province of Quebec into two separate colonies: Upper Canada (Ontario) to the west and Lower Canada east (Quebec). The British North America and spent three colonies (Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland) to five (with New Brunswick and Upper Canada).

For the American rebels, nothing was a foregone conclusion since they had only 18000 to 20000 men inexperienced, did not have a navy and received only a small number of general well trained. Yet it is the United States who won the war, the British military bogging up wear. In 1787, the federal union of the United States was born, when the American colonies were willing to give up a large part of their local autonomy thirteen colonies independence to melt into one, which gave birth to a powerful central state - the United States of America - that can stand up to Britain (Lilly & Thomson, pp. 262 - 288).

Discussion

The U.S. invasion in "Quebec"

Early in the Revolutionary War, George Washington alleged a mortal blow to Great Britain by capturing Montreal and Quebec City because these two cities were the most formidable bastions British North America. U.S. General sent two armies to the north in order to invest the city of Quebec and conquer Canada and, more specifically the "Province of Quebec. George Washington expected that Canadians will rally to them and turn the invasion of "liberation war" (Lilly, pp. 491 - 516).

For its part, the Governor of the Province of Quebec knew he could not defeat the insurgents U.S. outnumbered, with the help of the Canadian population. He hoped that his policy of conciliation would be successful, but only the Canadian nobility (lords) responded eagerly to the call of the British authorities the population as a whole remained to be rather indifferent because they saw in the war a kind of "battle between the English". However, some Canadians helped U.S. troops (the "Sons of Liberty" or "Sons of Liberty"), while others supported the British (the "Red Coats" or "Red ...