Smoking and Hazards

Smoking and Hazards

Smoking and its effects on the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Smoking and Hazard

It is reported that adverse health effects of chronic exposure to tobacco snuff affect virtually all functional systems of the human body and the damage is on the active and passive smokers, in different degrees and forms. It is noted as being of particular importance is the passive smoking in children, as well as taking place in the home and workplace for adults; both should be working to promote community health and prevention. It states that current knowledge indicates that the imbalance between the activities of proteases and anti-proteases in the lung are the basis of morphological and functional disorders major, this imbalance is more likely in people with intermediate and severe phenotypes deficient for alpha-1-antitrypsin, but is favored by a dual mechanism for individuals exposed to tobacco snuff, both actively and passively (Acerbic & Garfinkel, 1980).

The Influence Of Smoking On The Cardiovascular System

The human heart does a great job, providing blood flow in vessels. The work of the heart - the frequency and strength of its contractions - varies depending on the activity of the organism and the various circumstances in which it is located. This work is the heart and its exact adaptation to the needs of the organism is achieved by nervous and humoral mechanisms of regulation. Cardiovascular system Smoking promotes the narrowing and hardening of the arteries. First affected are the small arteries, which lead among others to a reduced perfusion of the skin and extremities. Long-term increase in blood pressure and pulse rate and coronary and cerebral vessels may change (Eric & Michael, 1991).

To compensate for the lack of oxygen increases the bone marrow produces red blood cells, whereby the blood becomes thicker. At the same time promotes smoking clumping of blood platelets (thrombocytes), which can lead to the formation of blood clots.

Both affect the flow properties of blood in the narrowing of blood vessels.

The effects of smoking on the cardiovascular system are varied, because cigarette smoke:

Increased fibrinogen (a clotting factor that makes the blood clotted)

Reduces the "good" HDL cholesterol (a favorable blood lipid)

Increasing levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol (a less favorable blood lipid)

Impairs the flow properties of blood (increases the viscosity of the blood, promoting the clumping of platelets).

Damages the inner wall of blood vessels (called endothelial cells).

The harmful effects of smoking on the heart and the vessels may occur relatively early in the life of the smoker. The two officials are carbon monoxide and nicotine inhaled with the smoke.

Smoking is the cause of over half of these deaths from cardiovascular disease. Smoking increases the risk of heart attack and sudden cardiac death. Smoking also increases the chances of relapse in people who have survived a heart attack (Glantz & Parmley, 1983).

Increased heart rate and increased blood pressure are often encountered Smoking is a major cause of stroke (stroke). Each year in Canada, more than 2,000 deaths as a result of strokes are caused by ...