All living things, from the simplest cell to the largest redwood contain water. Immersed in the water are very complex molecules, called proteins and nucleic acids which appear to be characteristic of all things we know by the name of life. These complex molecules have a basic structure composed of chains and rings of carbon atoms. Almost all of the carbons are attached to one or more hydrogen atoms. A minority, however, are of linked combinations of atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus.
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Expressed with the utmost simplicity we can say ...