Short Essays

Short Essays

1.Define motive, explaining the connection between motive and internal disposition.

Motive in psychological terminology is the personal or individual tendency or intention to do something. Motive may be a curiosity to attain some goals, the motive to explore something or achieve personal dreams. Disposition is defined as the tendency to follow a path to achieve something and internal disposition can be understood as personal disposition. Therefore, internal disposition be taken as motivation to do some work (Lambert Decks).

2.Define incentive explaining the connection between incentive and external objects.

Incentive is the reason which results in developing certain negative or positive motives or behaviors in individuals. For example, men work for money and therefore, the offer of money is an incentive that motivates him to work. External objects are those objects that complete the self psychology, for example, hobbies, habits, taste of work, choice of education, etc. Therefore, incentives are what develop external objects.

3.Explain the push -pull concept of motivation.

The Push-Pull concept of motivation is used to differentiate between incentive and motive. When a person is pulled and pushed towards his goals, motivation is developed. According to this theory the part that pulls an individual towards his/her goals is incentive whereas the part that pushes him/her towards the goals are motives.

4.Indentify and explain the sources of motivation.

There are three main sources of motivation, which are environmental, psychological and biological. Biological sources include biological changes within the human body that stimulates and convinces the human to act, for example sexual desire, psychological motivation is the logical reasoning and environmental includes the needs according to the environment people live in.

5.Identify and explain the scope of motivation.

The scope of psychology has always been changing, though some famous psychologists have defined it as under.

According to Crow and Crow

"Educational psychology is concerned with the conditions that affect learning."

According to Douglas and Holland

"The subject-matter of educational psychology is the nature, mental life, and the behavior of the individual undergoing the process of education."

It has been correctly said by Garrison and others that

"The subject matter of educational psychology is designed to enhance and enrich the lives of the learners and to furnish teachers with the knowledge and understanding that will help them to bring improvements in the quality of instruction”.

6.Write Lewin's formula for psychological force and explain it comprehensively.

Kurt Lewin developed a formula to predict the behavior of human beings with respect to general human psychology.

B=f (P, E)

The formula shows that behavior of an individual depends on the traits or characteristics of the person under consideration and on the environment he/she lives in.

7.Explain Thorndike's law of Effects includes examples with the explanation.

The Thorndike's law of Effects states that actions that causes satisfaction and positive reactions have more probability of reoccurring when compared to those which leaves negative or adverse effects. For example, when a person uses drugs for the first time he/she enjoys it and therefore, uses it again and again and get addicted to it.

8.Explain existential psychological needs: include examples with the ...