Sensorimotor Disorder

Abstract

The sensory integration is intricately associated with the sensorimotor disorders, therefore, the implementation of the sensory integration principles and intervention can contribute in the treatment of sensorimotor dysfunctions. Sensorimotor disturbances are caused by inter alia, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders. The paper discusses the disorder in the light of different researches while extending its dimensions in various prospects.

Sensorimotor Disorder

Introduction

The term sensorimotor refers to the interaction of the sensory (sensory stimuli) and motor (muscle reactions) services. If the interaction is disturbed, it is called a sensorimotor disorder. Sensorimotor development occurs everywhere in appearance, where new skills are learned (sports, crafts, etc.) not only in childhood. Sensorimotor disturbances are caused by inter alia, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders. These relate to skill, pace and quality of movement, posture and coordination. Effects of disturbances in the sensory-motor development in children can be reduced by therapies and exercises of motor coordination.

Sensorimotor disorder affects the skin sense (tactile perception), causes low sensitivity (kinesthetic perception, see kinesthetic system), balance (vestibular sense) and visual perception. Pins cannot be held as true because they are not noticed or they drop out quickly because the force can be dispensed. People affected with the disorder notice problems with the distinction between right and left, with the order and with the perception of spatial relationships (Sandlund, 2009). The individuals suffering from sensorimotor disorder possess volitional postural movement as a consequential result of sensory complications. The subtypes of sensorimotor disorders include postural disorder and dyspraxia.

Postural Disorder

Postural disorder encompasses the difficulty experienced in body stabilization during movement in order to meet the motor task characterized by inadequate muscle contraction and tone, or inappropriate muscle tension to attain movement. Postural control is required to maintain a stable movement base for limbs, eyes and head emanating from sensory integration of vestibular, visual and proprioreceptive information (Mauszycki, 2011).

Dyspraxia

The impairment in conceiving, sequencing and executing novel actions is referred as dyspraxia. It includes poor coordination in oral motor activities, in the proprioreceptive, vestibular, visual or tactical domains. It occurs more frequently in males than in females and an estimated 8-10% of all children concerned.

Discussion

The behavioral psychology laid considerable emphasis on the significance of practice variables in sensorimotor skills and in the treatment of sensorimotor dysfunctions. For instance; in contrast to the whole task learning, reinforcement schedules and opposed to spaced practice. The retention of sensorimotor activities is reliant upon regular practice and repetitions in order to reduce the disorder (Crowell, 2012).

The theoretical framework for sensorimotor skills by Marteniuk (researcher) emphasized the imperativeness of feedback in treating motor behavior and proved that the selective attention can assist in the determining the required actions for treatment. He also proposed two ways in which acquiring normal motor skills can prove to be beneficial for remediating sensorimotor skills, i.e., by reducing the quantity of processing information and slowing down the rate of information. Singer (1975), a well known psychologist, stressed on the role of guidance during the ...