REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Reproductive System

Reproductive System

Reproductive system is a term used for a group of organs necessary or important to the process of reproduction. The basic units of sexual reproduction are the cells found in male and female germ. This article deals with the organs where they mature and are stored through germ cells of living things, the organs through which germs are transported in the process of designing a new glandular organ. (Guyton, 2010)

Forms of Reproduction Reproductive system is a characteristic of living beings. It is a set of processes or biological mechanisms that allows the formation of one or more individuals. The purpose of reproduction is to restore individuals in a population. All the mechanisms of production can be grouped into two general forms: (Avraham, 2009)

The reproduction asexual

In this kind of reproduction individual is the only one that is divided into two or more individuals, each of them is identical to the parent. The mechanism may include division into pieces or fragments (fragmentation), or a special body called the germinating spore. In some animals, asexual reproduction is the only mechanism to form children, in other cases altered by sexual reproduction. (Hollen, 2007)

Sexual reproduction

This type of reproduction is characterized by the involvement of two cells (two people) specialized and value different sexual (one acts as a female, the other as male). The cells are called gametes; they fuse together (fertilization) to form a new cell called the zygote which is the new individual. The gametes as we know are called chromosomes (haploid) and the zygotes. Gametes arise from groups of special cells of the gonads, ovary and testicle (females and males, respectively) for animals. In plants this process is done through ovary and stamens. In some cases the process is involved without being fertilized egg, as parthenogenesis and the new guy have chromosomes (drone). Gametes can be identical and they are called isogametos, or may be different in size and shape and are called heterogametic, such as sperm and human egg. (Hollen, 2007)

Reproduction in animals

Sexual reproduction

This reproduction is the formation of a new individual by fusion of two different cells (gametes). In animals, a general aspect is common among them, but in higher forms it is complex and is also the only form of reproduction. In sexual reproduction it is considered that the system responsible player playback mechanisms, in which the system of both male reproductive and female reproductive system both plays an important role. (Guyton, 2010)

The primary sex organs, gonads, forming gametes or sex cells, are the ovaries (for female), and the testicle (for males: Animals unisexual). In some species both exist in the same individual and are functional (hermaphrodites). They also produce hormones respective sex.

The secondary sex organs or accessories made ??of duct and accessory glands, leading gametes abroad. In the males the sperm ducts, associated glands and penis, while females have oviducts, uterus and vagina. When there is fertilization in the inner tubes which ultimately opens the external ...