“From Cognitive Learning to Creative Thinking” in Education, Information, Transformation: Essays on Learning and Thinking, author, Jeffrey Kane, explains that cognition refers to thinking and the mental processes humans use to solve problems, make decisions, understand new information or experiences, and learn new things. Cognitive views of learning focus on cognitive variables affecting learning—what goes on in people's minds before, during, and after learning. For example, when students are preparing to read a textbook chapter, they might think about what types of learning strategies they want to use to ...