PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW

Public International Law

Public International Law

The Classification of Territories of the international Legal Regime

The territory in international law, is understood as a space with a specific legal regime a part of the globe (land, water area, the subsoil, air space), as well as outer space and celestial. The legal status of the territory is determined by domestic legislation and international law. According to the legal regime of the territory are divided into state, territory with the international regime and territory, with mixed mode. State is a territory which is under the sovereignty of certain states, i.e. belongs to a particular State, exercising its limits its territorial supremacy. Ownership and the rule are the two main features of the state territorial law, and basis of the legal status of public areas are the rules of national law.

By territories, the international regime is lying outside the national territory of the space, which is in common use by all States in accordance with international law. This is primarily the open sea, the airspace above it and deep seabed beyond the continental area with mixed-mode (the continental shelf and exclusive economic zone) is not part of the public areas, but coastal states in these spaces have certain sovereign rights to explore and develop natural resources adjacent continental shelf and exclusive economic sea zone, as well as protecting the natural environment of these areas fixed by national legislation and international law. In particular, the Convention on the Continental Shelf of 1958 and the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 . A special international regime established in the Antarctic Treaty of 1959. Under this Treaty, Antarctica is completely demilitarized and opened for research in all countries. No part of Antarctica is not under the sovereignty of any state, but at the same time, the territorial claims of states in Antarctica remain.

Outer space is located outside the territories of the earth, and its legal regime is determined by the principles and norms of international space law, in particular the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, Including the Moon and other celestial bodies, from January 27, 1967. It is not subject to national appropriation by any manner of means, and for the exploration and use by all States

Methods of Acquisition and Loss of National Territory

International legal easements and an assignment in the past centuries in the practice of international law developed a five ways to acquiring state territory: the occupation, forced assignment, prescription, conquest. General changes in international law in the first half of the 20th century had a significant impact on the ways of acquiring state territory. The emergence of the principle of prohibition of the threat or use of force made unlawful armed attack and invasion of foreign territory, and the emergence of the principle of inviolability and territorial integrity of making unlawful forcible change of affiliation of the state ...