PHYSICS IN ANESTHESIA

Physics in Anesthesia



Physics in Anesthesia

Introduction

This paper will discuss the physics concept application to anesthesia. First part of the paper will be discussing about anesthesia, its history and measurement tools. In the second part it will discuss the physics concept; we are using the endoscopy in which there is a physics application in the treatment of anesthesia.

Discussion

Anesthesia

Anesthesia, a condition in which to save the background loss of consciousness or partially or completely lost sensation, and therefore there is no pain. The word "anesthesia" means the numbness (Amador, 2009). It can be caused by illness, injury or administration of anesthetics (anesthetic). In common usage, referred to as anesthetic or that the patient's way of getting rid of the pain during surgery.

Anesthesiology - the area of ??clinical medicine, dealing mainly problems of anesthesia during surgery, as well as the formulation and implementation of resuscitation and the use of anesthetics for therapeutic purposes. Anesthesiologist - a doctor, a specialist in the field of resuscitation and the use of anesthetics.

History

The searches for tools to ease the pain during surgical operations were carried out in ancient times. However, progress has been very limited. They mainly used marijuana, alcohol and opium for treatment. The story begins in modern anesthesiology 1840. In 1842, C. Long (USA) for removal of cystic tumor in one of their patients employed for ethyl ether anesthesia (Khan, 2003). This substance was used by him and a few other cases, but his discovery, he reported only in 1846. At the same time, another American doctor, William Morton, experimenting with ether as a means of euthanasia of farm animals, decided to give this matter their patients, believing it to be more reliable than nitrous oxide, and published the results. Morton started from the experience of his teacher H. Wells; a dentist for the first time in 1844 has applied nitrous oxide for painless tooth extraction. Thus, these three men are considered the founders of anesthesiology. Many believe that the introduction of anesthesia - the most important contribution of American scholars in medicine (Khan, 2003).

General Anesthesia

General anesthesia (also called a general anesthetic) means insensitivity to pain with complete loss of consciousness, which is achieved by the use of anesthetics, affect the higher centers of the brain. Currently it is used for general anesthesia, substances such as halothane and Pentothal (Attix, 1986). They can be administered by inhalation, intravenously, through the rectum, by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection or by mouth. The possibility of the use of general anesthesia and electrical effects of hypnosis, the latter already has limited application in practice.

Reaching the main objectives, that are namely, effective pain relief and security; before anesthesia was one more task to relax (relaxation) of the muscles, especially the abdominal muscles. Muscle relaxation, which is not necessarily accompanied by anesthesia, in most cases is considered a prerequisite for successful operations. In 1942 it was found a tool that solves this problem (Attix, 1986). They found a substance known as curare an alkaloid extracted from the bark ...