PERSON CENTRED APPROACHES

Person Centred Approaches 1-Health and Social Inclusion

Person Centred Approaches 1-Health and Social Inclusion

Introduction

Historical factors only reinforce this negative public image. The nursing homes of today grew out of the poorhouses of the early 1900s, in which the physical environment was often filthy and corrupt management practices were commonplace (Cambridge & Carnaby, 2005). Institutional care such as that received in the poorhouses, or the nursing homes of today, is often considered a last resort for individuals and families, yet an estimated 42% of the U.S. population aged 70 years and older will spend some time in a nursing home before they die (Gates, 2007). Nursing homes are likely the most complex of all the healthcare organizations in the United States. While caring for a population of 1.7 million frail and disabled elders, all of the approximately 17,000 United States nursing homes operate under difficult organizational stresses (Perry, Hammond, Marston, Gaskell, Eva & Davis, 2010).

Compounding the existing organizational stresses, the population of residents in many nursing homes is divided into two groups requiring different approaches to care: 1) those residents receiving rehabilitation with the expectation of going home; and 2) those who intend to live and die in the nursing home. Workers to care for both resident groups are in short supply, resident acuity is high, costs are increasing, caregivers have low quality jobs, and the quality of care for residents is substandard. This current situation, if not ameliorated, is poised to worsen as a rapidly expanding population of older adults requires more nursing home care (Gates, 2007).

Discussion

At times, professionals have felt overwhelmed in trying to meet all the needs of clients and have wanted more collaborative involvement of families, administration, and other caregivers (Cambridge & Carnaby, 2005). They wanted to reduce the divide between service providers. For example, research has found that, once educated, mental health professionals invested and believed in the benefits of family participation in the treatment of mentally ill family members (Gates, 2007). Indeed, mental health professionals have noticed that families take more ownership of the care given to family members when both they and professional caregivers have been instructed and encouraged in a specific model of family-centered care (Perry, Hammond, Marston, Gaskell, Eva & Davis, 2010).

What are Learning Disabilities?

A problem of learning is a term generally describing problems of learning specific. A problem of learning can cause a person to have trouble learning and using certain skills. The skills that are affected most often are: reading, writing, listening, speaking, reasoning, and math. The problems of learning (in English, "learning disabilities" LD) vary among individuals. A person with problems of learning can have a kind of problem of learning different from another person. In the example from above, Sarah has trouble with reading and spelling. Another person might have problems with understanding math. Yet another person may have problems in each of these areas, as in the understanding of what other people say.

Researchers believe that the problems of learning are caused by differences in the functioning ...