PEOPLE WITH AIDS ARE GETTING CURED WITH NO MEDICAL INTERVENTION OR DRUGS AND THERE ARE NO NEW CASES OF HIV INFECTION IN THE WORLD.

People with AIDS are getting cured with no medical intervention or drugs and there are no new cases of HIV infection in the world.

People with AIDS are getting cured with no medical intervention or drugs and there are no new cases of HIV infection in the world.

What kind of virus causes HIV?

AIDS is characterized by a gradual depletion of CD4+ T cells from the blood, which correlates with declining immunocompetency. The mechanism of CD4+ cell loss, however, is still not clear. Some proposed mechanisms focus on the CD4+ cells that replicate HIV, and include: (1) direct virus-mediated cell lysis; (2) cellular or humoral virus-specific immune killing of productively infected cells ; (3) viral induction of apoptosis upon replication in cells ; or (4) induction of apoptosis in productively infected cells following signaling by certain receptors (for example, TCR and CD4) . These mechanisms do not reconcile a major enigma in the current understanding of HIV pathogenesis: the clear data showing that, in vivo, very few cells (approximately 1 in 100 000) produce virus at any given time. It is unlikely that removal of productively infected cells would report for any significant loss of CD4+ T cells.

Name at least 2 characteristics of this virus

Other theories to explain how HIV depletes CD4+ T cells focus on the killing of uninfected cells, and include: (1) 'kiss of death' (membrane fusion) of uninfected 'bystander' cells upon contacting productively infected cells; (2) autoimmune killing of uninfected cells ; (3) HIV superantigen-mediated deletion of certain T-cell subpopulations , and (4) induction of apoptosis in bystander cells by HIV proteins ( Tat, gp120) released from productively infected cells. These theories try to interpret the outcome that bystander cells not making virus are the predominant cells shown to be staining in the lymph nodes of patients, and they are undergoing apoptosis. Many of these ideas have not been sustained by in vivo data. Fusion of uninfected with infected cells does not occur in untransformed primary lymphocytes, and lymphoid syncitia are rarely observed in HIV-infected individuals B.F. Burns et al., The diverse histopathology of lymphadenopathy in the homosexual male.

What is the mechanism used by this virus to cause the disease?

Mathematical modeling of what is occurring to the CD4+ T-cell population in HIV+ patients, based on changes in the numbers of CD4+ cells in their blood, has led to the concept that a large number (2×109) are killed and replaced daily. This model was based on the premise that the proportional loss of CD4+ cells in the blood over time also occurred in the lymph nodes. Thus, because only 2% of the total number of lymphocytes is in the blood, the number of lymphocytes disappearing in the blood per day was multiplied by 50. The model needed verification by data, but most studies have not found significantly increased turnover of CD4+ T cells in HIV+ ...