Neonate assisted Ventilation

Neonate assisted Ventilation

Introduction

Artificial ventilation is the set of techniques to attend all or partially respiratory activity of the patient by the use of a fan. This conventional mechanical ventilation is known. In the newborn, the main objectives artificial ventilation is to: maintain an adequate blood gas and reduce oxygen consumption and energy recovery and allowing growth of the patient. The good use of different fans used in the newborn and the different modes ventilatory requires thorough understanding of respiratory physiology and neonatal excellent knowledge of the fundamental concepts of indications, complications and the ventilatory approach.

Discussion

Methods for Neonatal Oxygenation and Ventilation

Technique to provide oxygen in a small chamber that covers the entire head. It is the most efficient and simple to provide oxygen-enriched atmosphere for an infant who breathing spontaneously and who presents with failure mild respiratory. With this method can provide concentrations of oxygen that can reach the 100%, provided through an apparatus which humidify the oxygen and only in cases of absence, use directly. Remember that the oxygen bubbler produces a very poor wetting besides not delivers it to body temperature.

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

This is one that provides for the inspiration and expiratory pressure continuously through a face mask nasal catheter, nasopharyngeal catheter or endotracheal tube. Generally allows handling pressures from 1 to 10 cm H2O, which can be achieved through gregory the apparatus, or any of the marks of fans neonatal exist in the trade. Its physiological effects which benefit the infant with RDS include: re-expansion of collapsed alveoli, increased capacity residual function and reduced work of breathing.

The unrelenting pressure level obtained by regulating the flow of gas introduced into the system while controlling the breath. The latter obtained with the Gregory system, or modifications thereof, by placing a valve screw at the distal exhalation tube in the tail of the bag anesthesia. The two techniques used by the author PPC are that of the cannula endotracheal and nasopharyngeal. The first only in cases in which, being the patient receiving mechanical assistance to ventilation, start the "weaning" suspending fan intermittent positive pressure (IPP) and leaving PPC only. Some of the advantages of PPC include endotracheal tube using low gas flows, due to minimal leaks in the system, and if the state the child impaired can be passed immediately to mechanical ventilation. In as for the CFP nasopharyngeal airway has opted for this method, once the nasal because it requires ...