MOTIVATION

Motivation

Motivation

Organizational Behavior and Motivation

Organizational behavior can be defined as the behavior of the employees or individuals within the organization; the organization is being comprised of human workforce so to study their behavior is very important in order to make them motivated and satisfied with their jobs for purpose of applying that knowledge towards improvising the effectiveness of the organization. Organization behavior is the vast field that includes sociology, psychology, management and the communication and interactions among the workforces (Green, 2002).

For the success of any organization, motivation of the human resource play an important role, if employees of the organization are motivated only then the organization will be able to achieve its required goals, the productivity of the output increases, reduces the operating cost, the overall efficiency of the business will also increase. This also brings employees satisfaction with the job and will lead to an optimistic and challenging attitude at work place. Motivation can be created among the employees either by giving the monetary benefits or recognitions/awards etc. (Green, 2002).

Motivation Theory and Models

Motivation is the driver for the attainment of the goals. It can be intrinsic and extrinsic. Motivation may be required to fulfill specific basic needs, to increase pleasure, to attain desired objectives or it can be related to less-apparent reasons such as selfishness or mortality (Miner, 2005). Motivation consists of those factors that may cause, sustain and direct behavior toward a goal. It can be seen that motivation is basically the spark that lights up within employees, and compels them to reach a goal, causing us to act and behave in a certain way. Psychology, depending on the origin of that "spark", distinguishes two main types of motivation: intrinsic and extrinsic.

Intrinsic Motivation

Intrinsic motivation is the one that comes from inside or within organization. Intrinsic motivation is when people engage in an activity, such has a hobby, without obvious external incentives. Intrinsic motivation has been studied by many social as well as educational researchers since the early 1970s. Intrinsic motivation is a kind of motivation that emerges spontaneously from internal tendencies and psychological needs that motivate behavior without any extrinsic rewards. Intrinsic motivation is a very good engine, but it may become the subject of your mood. When you are on the rise and feel the joy, you will prefer to enjoy what you are doing than if you had a weakness (Porter & Lawler, 1968). Although researchers think that employees are to be intrinsically motivated if they:

Attribute their performance results to internal factors they can control.

Believe they can be effective agents for purposes of achieving desired.

Be interested in mastering a subject, rather than just rote-learning to achieve good grades.

Extrinsic Motivation

External motivation can be defined as the type of motivation that comes from outside. The study of extrinsic motivation introduces the behavioral approach to the study of motivation. Behaviorism does not deny that the conduct has internal causes, but its proponents believe that the root causes of behavior are outside and not inside the person (Carson, ...