Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction

Medical technology which is also known as biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical field. It combines expertise in the field of technology, especially the problem solving and the development, with the medical expertise of doctors to improve the medical care, rehabilitation and quality of life of healthy individuals [2]. As a relatively new discipline, much of the work is done in medical research and development (R & D), for example, in the following areas:

Medical computer science

Signal processing of physiological signals

Biomechanics

Biomaterials and biotechnology systems analysis

3D modeling, etc.

Examples of specific applications include the production of biocompatible attachment, medical treatment and diagnostic equipment, such as ECG recorders, ultrasound, diagnostic imaging, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) the production of new medicines.  Biomedical Engineering is largely seen as an interdisciplinary field, resulting in a wide range of disciplines to consider the influence the various fields of work and according to sources. Because of its diversity, it is quite easy for the Biomedical Engineer to focus their work on a particular aspect. Accordingly, there are many breakdowns in the biomedical engineering taxonomy[1]. Some of the possible division of labor fields are as follows: 

Bioelectrical technology and Neurotechnology

Biomedical Imaging and Biomedical Optics

Biomaterials

Biomechanics and Bio-transport system analysis

Biomedical Devices and Instruments

Molecular and cell engineering, tissue engineering

System Integration and Technology

Most of the sources are known in the field of medical technology relating to each other in a dynamic relationship. Therefore, it becomes vital in the field of medicine to understand the medical science and technology. This report will discuss MRI- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, which is an aspect of biomedical engineering. MRI is a powerful medical diagnostic that provides three-dimensional images and great anatomical precision cutting. The MRI is a radiological recent, non-invasive and without any known side effects, based on the physical phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance. This is simply for the observation of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of protons in water contained in the body, i.e. the response of nuclei subjected to an external magnetic field and electromagnetic excitation.

The intensity collected in a volume element depends on the concentration of the water at that location and thus obtaining a three-dimensional image of the distribution of water in the body of a patient. Depending on the method used, the contrast between two voxels can be increased if the relaxation time of the nuclear spins (describing the return to equilibrium after excitation of nuclei) differs in the two areas. It is therefore possible to observe tissue alterations (such as tumors) due to differences in density and water relaxation.

MRI -Magnetic Resonance Imaging

MRI is a diagnostic test that allows a radiologist or a doctor to have a view inside the body of the patient without performing surgery or administering dangerous ionizing radiation. This technology was designed and developed around 1980; over the years, magnetic resonance imaging has undergone a constant process of technological evolution. Today, recognition is given to its extreme precision ...