LAW

Assignment #2

Assignment #2

Introduction

For many years the Great Britain has gone through several changes in terms of its working structure. In this paper, few but profound changes will be studied in detail. In these changes, Poor Law Amendments Act of 1834 to the emergence of Welfare State (1906-1911) and from the NHS of 1948 to the “Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS” reforms of 2010 are included. On one hand where transformation to the welfare state increased state's assistance to the citizens, reforms in NHS shaken the healthcare system of Britain on which it was working for decades.

Discussion

Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 to the Welfare State (1906-1911)

From the nineteenth century, social policies began to leave the private sector to become a public issue of state competition. This trend started with the so-called "poor laws" enacted in England in 1795, as monarchy driven measures concerned also divisive social effects of capitalist development and aimed to protect farmers, following the old tradition of feudal-patrimonial responsibility of Messrs against his servants. Gradually, social policies were no longer disjointed responses and were addressed by technical bodies created ad hoc by the State. An example, in the UK, during the Tudor period, the amendments was suffered by the poor laws in 1834, which created a national commission to oversee the operation of the system established by these ordinances. In the early nineteenth century significant population movements, changes in agriculture, growth of towns and some rudimentary developments in manufacturing occurred (Waldmüller, 2009, pp. 1-22).

In this context, the government found it necessary to impose a central structure to what had been entirely local charitable initiatives, often monastic. This set, through the Poor Law responsibilities parishes to collect taxes to provide relief to the needy. When England became industrialized and urbanized, this system strictly local administration was under heavy pressure. The tasks set by the Poor Law became more complex and parish exceeded capabilities (e.g. the emergence of infectious diseases that affect large numbers of people in the new towns and cities) (Smith, 1997, pp 18-26).

Amendments to the Poor Law of 1834 contributed to the development of social policy, through the establishment of "means testing" or needs, "workhouses" and the doctrine of "less eligibility" (Smith, 1997, pp 18-26). So, if the poor were not desperate enough to go to a house of work, could not really suppose to be in a situation of need. The system was intended to ensure that those who received help were worse off (less eligibility) that the poorest working (Waldmüller, 2009, pp. 1-22). The new poor law significantly changed the help system legal force until then. It was done primarily through two measures: the First, the suspension of foreign aid to the needy and its replacement by a workhouses system (workhouses) which offered help in return for carrying out any work, although most unpleasant conditions that existing in any job, the second, the transfer of the management system support from local authorities to a national central agency established to ...