KHANEMAN'S (1973) MODEL OF DIVIDED ATTENTION

Khaneman's (1973) Model of Divided Attention

Khaneman's (1973) Model of Divided Attention

Distributed Attention

Accurate memory of an event involves contextual information as well as its content. Although the exact mechanism remains unclear, it is generally agreed that successful remembering of contextual information relies heavily on the integration of the content of an event with its context, and that such processing is especially vulnerable to various memory impairments. For example, numerous studies have reported that memory for the source of remembered facts or the context in which remembered events occur declines disproportionately with age. In a meta-analysis, found that the size of age differences in context memory is reliably greater than that in content memory.

To explain this age-related deficit in memory for context, suggested that older adults have greater difficulty in binding target items and contextual features into a coherent memory representation (Brown, 1969). Similarly, proposed an associative deficit hypothesis of aging and extended this notion to all memory tasks involving the creation and retrieval of associative links among multiple units in general. has suggested that such age-related binding or associative deficits can be viewed as a consequence of reduced available processing resources, resulting in the poorer integration of events and their contexts of occurrence with existing schemas.

Attention is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things. Examples include listening carefully to what someone says, while ignoring other conversations in a room (cocktail party effect) or listening to a cell phone conversation while driving a car. Sometimes attention shifts to matters beyond the external environment, a phenomenon referred have mind-wandering or "spontaneous thought". Psychology neurologic cognitive Attention is one of the materials in the most intensely studied psychology and cognitive neurology.

It is shown that exchange SMS drivers often get into accidents, slow to react to brake lights in front of machines, and generally worse to drive than those who spoke on the phone or not at all distracted by extraneous things, being behind the wheel. As experts say, the nature of switching attention really different when the person talking on the phone and when reading or writing SMS. So, talk and driving refers to the separation of attention when the driver adjusts the priorities of the two processing tasks dynamically selecting more important at the moment. In the case of SMS «switching between the tasks is much slower. In addition, the type of messaging affects the behaviour of: reading SMS led to a more delayed compared with the writing of the text response (Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association, 2002). According to research, talking on the phone impairs a driver's reaction to 9%, the exchange of SMS all 30%.

Kahneman model (1973)

Kahneman, understood the attention as a limited resource model that distributed attention to the level of difficulty of the task and if it was new to the subject and had to learn (and thus use attention resource) or whether, by contrast, was already known and is performed automatically (with little or no ...