JOURNAL ARTICLE SUMMARY

Journal Article Summary

Journal Article Summary

Introduction

The ecology of intestinal helminthes comprehensively studied in the past decade. The influence of some other parasites has attracted little attention. These attentions paid to influence has directed to cross-immune responses of the host. There is a chance of inter specific contest between parasites, which could be significant as a factor in of their abundance and distribution. Sometimes it is overlooked or denied. According to the study of Read and Phifer, they resulted interaction between individual hymeolepis diminuta and H.Citelli in hamster; this was done under plenty or inadequate carbohydrate. In the concurrent infections tape worm reduce in weight. The experiment in reduction and relational effect on two species were noticeably affected by the amount of existing carbohydrate. The competition of existing carbohydrate was explanation of result. Cross researched the inverse relation of the number of proteocephalus exigus parasitizing ciscoes and the number of an acanthocephalan of the genus Neoicanthorinchus is the same sense. These studies pointed the relation between acanthocephalans and tapeworm. The experiments in this research conclude the effects of concurrent infection on Hymenolepis diminuta and moniliformis dubius.

Discussion

The hosts were male Holtzman rats, they weighted from 140 to 160g. Laboratory-infected beetles used for the Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids. Laboratory-infected roaches used for obtaining Moniliformis dubius cystacanths. Sometimes cystacanths obtained from naturally infected roaches raised in the laboratory. Rats set with dual infections observed both species of larvae in fifteen minutes time. Rats killed in eight weeks after infection. They killed by blowing their heads. The small intestine moved to long wax-bottomed pan, starched and split open immediately. The place where worms attached marked with a pin and then those worms moved to separate containers. Those containers filled with 0.8percent NaCL. The width of starched intestine measured along with distance of point of individual worm and the pylorus. The extra moisture of worms removed, pressing between filter paper. Worms weighted on a tarsion balance. This procedure completed within 15 to 30 minutes. Worm left in tap water after weighing in refrigerator. The tape worm ribboned out on glass. They are not scratched or measured. When worms fully relaxed, acanthocephalaus partly coiled. The weight: length ratio, an index of the average cross sectional area hence the general body form calculated for each worm.

Method

The data analyzed by variance technique. There are three experiments in the research to study widespread effects of concurrent infection. Each experiment five rats involved win infections. The data obtained on the number of adult worms recovered eight weeks' later and wet weight, length and weight. About 38 percent of the mean weight of the tapeworm in control single-species infection. This difference is highly significance. The mean weight of the M. dubius is also significantly reduced in concurrent infection but not as tape worm. 73 and 67 percent of the weight from control infection reduced of male and female respectively. The length of H.diminuta is concurrent reduce 63 percent. Female average reduction was 8 percent and male 3 ...