IRAN, U.S. RELATIONS

From Friend to Axis of Evil: Iran, U.S. Relations

From Friend to Axis of Evil: Iran, U.S. Relations

Until the Second World War, according to the Monroe Doctrine, the United States had little interest in Iran. However, in the first half of the nineteenth century, before the start of political relations between the two countries, Americans, mostly doctors and missionaries, went to Iran. They have played an important role in the country by opening the first modern schools in the country whose first for girls, providing medical services and performing other works of general interest. The first Americans to go to Persia are missionaries, the Rev. Eli Smith and Harrison Dwight, sent to Tabriz in December 1830 by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). The Faculty of Medicine of Urmia University for example was founded by a group of American doctors in the 1870s. Samuel Benjamin, however, was the first diplomat sent officially by the United States in Iran in 1883.

Until the Second World War, relations between Iran and the United States remained cordial, and many Iranian constitutionalists have considered the U.S. as a "third force" in their struggle for freedom from domination and interference of the British and Russians in Iranian affairs.

Howard Baskerville died in Tabriz while trying to help Iranian constitutionalists, and after Morgan Shuster was appointed Treasurer General of Persia, an American was killed in Tehran by a henchman who is believed they were linked to British or Russian influence. In fact, the Iranian parliament was bombed by General Liakhoff (Imperial Russia), and Morgan Shuster was forced to resign under pressure from the British and the Russians on the Shah. Shuster's book, The Strangling of Persia is an account of the details of these events and a sharp critic of Great Britain and Imperial Russia

Morgan Shuster was quickly followed by Arthur Millspaugh , appointed treasurer by Reza Shah Pahlavi , and Arthur Pope , who was the chief architect of the policies of Reza Shah to revive the Persian Empire . The friendly relations between Iran and the United States would change with the arrival of the 1950s.

The 1950s and the politics of oil, a turning

The premier nationalist democratically elected Mohammad Mossadegh began a period of rapid consolidation of power, which led to the brief exile and resumption of power by the constitutional monarch of Iran, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Most of the events of 1952 began with Mossadegh's nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (now British Petroleum). Founded by the British in the early twentieth century, the company had reached an agreement with the Iranian state to share the profits, but the company hid the results to the Iranian government. During his reign, the Shah's close ties with Washington and its agenda for westernise Iran quickly infuriated some segments of the Iranian people, especially conservatives Islamic. Social conflicts have increased, with violence and murder figures of SAVAK, the secret ...