Impact of knowledge management practices on innovation and organizational performance of the Hong Kong tourism industry

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I want to be thankful to my supervisor and my teachers for their immense support and help throughout my dissertations. I also want to thank my friends and families who have been a huge source of continuous guidance and inspiration for me throughout my work. I would like to show my gratitude for helping in both and good times.

DECLARATION

I [type your full first names & surname here], declare that the following dissertation/thesis has been made me. Moreover all the information and knowledge had been my individual efforts. I also want to declare that all the content present in the thesis has never been published before. Moreover the following thesis will reflect my opinions and suggestions and this will not represent the opinions of the educational institute.

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Date: ABSTRACT

In the following proposed study, we will analyze and examine the various impacts of knowledge management practices on innovation and organizational performance of the Hong Kong tourism industry. The main focus of the study is to analyze the various tools and elements of the knowledge management system and its affect on the organization. The research study adopts the mixed research method for the purpose of data collection and analysis. In the end the research study also provides adequate recommendations and suggestions for future research and also provides implications for the study.

Table of contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT1

DECLARATIONii

ABSTRACTiii

CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION9

1.1Outline of the study9

1.2Background of the study9

1.3Significance of the study11

1.4Organization background15

1.5Purpose of the study17

1.6Problem statement18

1.7Hypothesis18

1.8Justification of the study19

1.9Research aims and objectives19

1.10Research questions20

1.11Research design and methodology21

1.12Limitation of the study22

1.13Definition of terms22

1.1.4Time scale23

CHAPTER 02: LITERATURE REVIEW25

2.1Data25

2.2Information26

2.3Knowledge28

2.4Relationship between data, information and knowledge29

2.4.1Data29

2.4.2Information30

2.4.3Knowledge30

2.5Detailed analysis of knowledge32

2.6Significance of knowledge33

2.7Types of knowledge34

2.7.1Philosophical Knowledge34

2.7.2Theological knowledge35

2.7.3Scientific knowledge36

2.7.4Empirical knowledge38

2.8Knowledge management39

2.9History of knowledge management41

2.10Role of knowledge management44

2.11Types of knowledge management45

2.11.1Explicit knowledge45

2.11.2Tacit knowledge46

2.12Elements of knowledge management46

2.12.1Knowledge creation and capture47

2.12.2Knowledge Sharing and Enrichment48

2.12.3Information Storage and Retrieval50

2.12.3.1Information retrieval51

2.12.4Knowledge Dissemination52

2.13Knowledge management models53

2.13.1Von Krogh and Roo's model53

2.13.2Nonaka - Takeuchi model55

2.13.3Choo model58

2.14Knowledge management tools60

2.14.1Document Management61

2.14.2Enterprise Portal62

2.14.3Knowledge Map and Skills Management63

2.14.4Information Database and Lessons Learned65

2.14.5Collaboration Tool66

2.14.6Communities of Practice67

2.15Developing knowledge management environment68

2.15.1People68

2.15.1.1Organizational culture69

2.15.1.2Individual behavior70

2.15.2Km process71

2.15.2.1Organizational processes and infrastructure71

2.15.2.2Knowledge management processes72

2.15.3KM Technology73

2.16Implementation of knowledge management74

2.16.1Stage 1: Advocate and Learn74

2.16.2Stage 2: Develop Strategy75

2.16.3Stage 3: Design and Launch KM Initiatives76

2.16.4Stage 4: Expand and Support77

2.16.5Stage 5: Institutionalize Knowledge Management78

2.17Knowledge Management in Organizations79

2.17.1The Knowledge Management Processes Cycle79

2.17.2KM Strategies80

2.18The Organization of KM81

2.19Organizational performance82

2.20Impact of knowledge management on organizational performance84

2.21Innovation86

2.22Significance of innovation88

2.23Impact of knowledge management on innovation90

2.24Tourism industry91

2.25Knowledge management in the tourism industry92

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH CONTEXT94

3.1 Theoretical Foundations94

3.1.1 Social construction theory99

3.1.2 Theories of Knowledge Creation101

3.1.3 Adaptive Control of Thoughts Theory103

3.2 Frameworks104

3.2.1 Glaser framework on cognitive skills104

3.2.2 The Stankosky Four Pillar Knowledge Management Framework Model106

3.2.3 Knowledge Management Frameworks108

3.2.4 Framework by Dreyfus and Iyer109

3.2.5 Framework by Lee and Kim111

CHAPTER 04: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY113

4.1Introduction113

4.2Research Design114

4.3Research Philosophy119

4.4.1Interpretive paradigm122

4.4Qualitative Research123

4.5Quantitative Research124

4.6Research Instrument124

4.7Sampling125

4.8Participants and Sample Size126

4.9Validity and Reliability127

4.6.1Validity127

4.6.2Reliability128

4.6.3Triangulation128

4.10Data analysis129

4.11Research Ethics130

4.12Informed Consent131

4.13Anonymity and confidentiality131

4.14Research limitations132

CHAPTER 05: INTERVIEWS AND QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY133

5.1Introduction133

5.2Questionnaire Analysis133

5.3Interview Analysis150

5.4Correlation Analysis152

5.5Hypothesis Testing154

5.6Summary156

Technological innovation and business survival159

The favourable factors of tourism development in Hong Kong161

Challenges facing by the tourism industry of Hong Kong164

CHAPTER 06: ...