IBT PUBLICATIONS

IBT Publications

Table of Contents

Mode of Transportation3

Product and Modes of Transport4

Methods for the Design of Transport Networks6

Cost Differentials and Modes7

Choice of transport7

Freight forwarder9

Role of Freight Forwarder9

Modes of transport choice11

Incoterms12

The Transfer of Risks in Incoterms12

Conclusion14

References15

IBT Publications

Mode of Transportation

Mode of transportation or transportation system is a particular form of transport which distinguishes mainly by the vehicle used, and consequently the infrastructure that implements them. When multiple modes combine together, to help achieve a transport operation, the term multimodality is used. IBT will have to comply with certain modes so that they transport goods from one point to another; it is possible to use successively several modes of transport. The reasons of cost, speed and safety guide the choice of modes of transport to be implemented. Sometimes its geography (bypass or cross natural barriers), climate and more generally the environment is that requires them to use a mode of transportation (islands, mountains, floods).

They should act efficient enough to reduce the cost, it is interesting to borrow or means of public transportation (train), or transportation of large capacity (boats, container ships), or both. The beginning of the route was then intended to join the means of transport cheaper, the last part of the route used to reach the final destination. A strategy which they could comply could be to reduce the time; it is interesting to borrow relatively quick means of transportation (car, train at high speed aircraft). The beginning of the route which will then be intended to join this time with the conveyance fastest, the last part of the route used to reach the final destination. The same reasoning can be applied to search for security. The combination of different vehicles of different modes of transport for a single journey is called multimodal transport. When the same vehicle is capable of practicing several modes of transport, the versatile vehicle is of use (hovercraft, amphibious vehicles), but the mode of transport is not multimodal (European Conference of Ministers of Transport, 2003).

Product and Modes of Transport

The various modes of transport are the sea (although in inland waters), road, rail, air and inter modal / combined. These are combinations of networks, vehicles and operations. Include walking, cycling, car, road network, railways, inland waterways and maritime transport (ships, waterways and ports), air transport (airplanes, airports and air traffic control), even the union of several or all three types of transport.

As for such an organization, road transport is the most frequently used when making transactions in the country, and more broadly within a framework that extends to neighbouring countries and the 27 member states of the European Union. In other cases, operations perform in more distant countries and within the framework of bilateral agreements and authorizations. Road transport is seen to have major advantages as relatively low cost service and said "door to door", i.e. without breaking bulk. Another advantage is its ability to combine this transport with the train which is called piggybacking. Transport by road can be distinguished by speed, possibility of door to door, transport ...