A month after the September 11 terrorist attacks, President George W. Bush issued an executive order establishing the Office of Homeland Security in the White House. Headed by former Pennsylvania governor Tom Ridge, the Office of Homeland Security was charged with developing and coordinating the implementation of a comprehensive national strategy to secure the United States against further terrorist threats. The office also coordinates efforts by the executive branch to detect, prevent, and recover from terrorist attacks within the United States. (Hamre 2002)
In addition to creating some international disgruntlement, U.S. homeland security has ...