English origin of the jury usually goes back to the jury Clarendon issued by Henry II in 1166. The jury requires that the criminal charges in the future be "presented" by a jury consisting of 12 "good and lawful men, selected from the seats. The jury was intended to strengthen the royal judiciary (Liepold 1995).
By the end of the 14th century, English criminal trial asked the court to the jury, not the test, as well as the original jury was divided into two separate juries ...