History of China

Introduction

China is the second largest nation in the world. Its total area is more than 11,000,000 square miles. According to its area, it is larger than Europe and Oceania. It occupies a quarter of the land area of Asia and its surface is second only to Russia. As for his philosophy, Chinese society got considered polytheistic and synergetic. Apparently, each religion posits a separate doctrine, but in Chinese society dominates Taoism and Buddhism. The scriptural perspective China has a distinctive character because it can accommodate seemingly contradictory beliefs simultaneously (Wilkinson, 2000). Chinese calligraphy is an exotic feature of Chinese culture, becoming a jewel unparalleled in Eastern culture. In its visual aspect, it can be compared to painting because of its ability to arouse emotions. Writing is palpable representation of spoken language. The earliest Chinese characters may have been used 5000 years ago. It was pictograms representing the most common objects and activities of life in those times. Is an ancient Chinese system of writing and has not changed in thousands of years of existence (Wood, 89-108).

Age Old

The Three and Five Emperors Augustus

They are mythological rulers of China prior to the earliest historical dynasties. There is disagreement about their identities. In some versions the three August are Fuxi, Nüwa and Shennong and the five emperors are the Yellow Emperor, Zhuanxu, Diku, Tangyao and Yushun (Cotterell, 54-74).

Xia Dynasty

According to the historical memories of Sima Qian, the first Chinese dynasty was the Xia Dynasty, which would have extended from about the year 2100 a. C. until about 1600 BC C. (XXI to C. - C. XVI), and would have occupied the middle reaches of Yellow River. Its 17 established their headquarters sovereign government in what is now covering southern Shanxi Province and western Henan province.

The names of the kings of the dynasty together with the years of reign of each are listed by Sima Qian. In any case, it should be noted that Sima Qian wrote his more than fifteen centuries later, so their data, based on the traditions that came to that time should be taken with caution. Nor is there evidence that the Xia Dynasty existed (Lewis, 98-110).

After ending the disaster that caused the annual floods of the Yellow River, Da Yu (Huang Di, the Yellow Emperor), founded the first dynasty China with the support of several tribes, conquered the best land in northern China with the expulsion of their opponents, among them the ancestors of today's Miao, and becomes a slave society in which private property is allowed.

Xia Dynasty developed the first Chinese calendar which counted the twelve months in relation to the position of the Big Dipper, said astrology, meteors and other natural phenomena, and determined the farm work and political activities in accordance of each month (Cotterell, 54-74).

Shang Dynasty

According to Sima Qian's account, which is based all Chinese historiography; the second dynasty was the Shang dynasty, which extended over time from about 1600 BC C. to about 1100 ...