History and Systems of Psychology



Abstract

The assignment discussed the historical, philosophical and empirical foundations of psychology, giving specila emphasis on various theories that evolved in the filed, over time. The 19th century witnessed the replacement of psychology from philosophy as a separate science. Pre-modernism, modernism, and postmodernism are the essential tenets of modern psychology from where the latest concepts and hsitoriacl and intellectual understanding of psychology stems form. Issues in behavioral psychology and developmental psychology tend to deal with behavior changes with age and experience of people. The issue of diversity in relation to the psychologuical development promulgates that diversity and its management can lead the psychologists to a time when it is pertinent to know about the patient, his colleagues and other related people, until they feel safe enough to tell their story to the psychologists. In the end Psychology entails many key considerations for treating such disorders in an effective manner. Psychologists need to understand how they perceive different interventions under a diverse set of situations in order to tackle every complex situation. These issues provide a broader outline of ethical practices in psychology and create a need for interventions in this regard.

Table of Contents

Abstract2

Introduction4

Historical, Philosophical, and Empirical Foundations of the Field Of Psychology4

Major tenets of Pre-Modernism, Modernism, and Postmodernism5

Foundational Philosophical Assumptions and Principles7

Theory of Gestalt Psychology7

Theory of Behaviorism8

Theory of Cognitive Learning9

Humanistic Theory10

Psychoanalysis Theory of Sigmund Freud12

Issues in Developmental Psychology13

Relevance of Issues of Diversity In Relation To Psychology14

Influence of Humanistic Theory on Our Chosen Academic and Career Paths15

Conclusion16

References18

History and Systems of Psychology

Introduction

Psychology is the discipline that studies mental processes, including internal cognitive processes of individuals and social-cognitive processes. The discipline embraces all the complex aspects of human psychological functioning. Different schools, theories and psychological systems have focused their efforts in various areas, existing from approaches that focus exclusively on observable behavior. The scope of the theories covered areas or fields from the study of child development psychology to how humans feel, perceive or think, how they learn to adapt to their environment and resolve conflicts.

This assignment aims to discuss the historical, philosophical and empirical foundations of psychology, with the discussion on its key tenets. We aim to shed light on the contributions of these theories to the contemporary issues in psychology, realizing its assumptions and principles. There will be four theories discussed in a holistic manner including Theory of Gestalt psychology, Theory of Behaviorism, Theory of Psychoanalysis, and the Humanistic Theory. The paper also looks into the issues of relevance relating diversity to the history of psychology. In the end, we will discuss the effect of humanistic theories to our chosen academic, career paths and goals.

Historical, Philosophical, and Empirical Foundations of the Field Of Psychology

In the 19th Century, the prevailing empiricism in epistemology began to replace psychology as a separate science from philosophy. The formation of psychology as an independent, scientific discipline is happening on the background that were made in the natural science research. Psychology emerged at the intersection of two major areas of knowledge ...