Federal vs State

Federal vs State

Introduction: In the west, two forms of governments exist within the prevailing system. Federal and state governments are not one in the same but share similar roles. They may be separate but are not entirely independent but are dependent on each other. Laws of the two entities are one in the same as they can take certain decisions themselves or wise the two government bodies need to consult each other due to the level of courtship they have in their system.

Discussion: Therefore, a federal government is the main government of a federation or a country. This government is further divided into two or more levels of government that exist within an established territory and govern through common institutions with overlapping or shared powers as prescribed by a constitution, where on the other hand a state government or provincial government is the sub national entity which happens to share political power with the federal or national government which can be further exercised by the state government which falls under the federal government. Moreover, since they are dependent on each other, the political autonomy is divided. There are courts under the federal and state government separately which also further elaborates the penalties faced by the offenders. These courts serve as the venue where disputes are then settled and justice is administered

However, the implementation of the criminal law policy is in a way dependant of each other but have certain different set of rules and regulations as well. For instance, the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice comes under the law imposed by the state government but the federal government gives the approval of passing the bill in the senate. Therefore, the state government was the one which passed a law about ending capital punishment which was termed as cruel and unlawful. After this bill was passed by the federal government almost 32 states out of the 51 have banned this practice. Capital punishment can be of various forms which commonly used are lethal injection, electrical chair and firing squad. The United States Supreme Court which comes under the federal law has strictly restricted the use of capital punishment to cases which need it and not to those on which it cannot be implemented such as mentally unstable and on juvenile delinquents who are under the age of 18. The U.S. Supreme Court has issued numerous ...