EXPERIMENTAL ENDOCRINOLOGY

Testosterone and Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Effects on Sexual Function

Abstract

In this study we try to explore the concept of testosterone and regulation of circadian rhythms and effects on sexual function in a holistic context. The main focus of the research is on testosterone and regulation of circadian rhythms and its relation with effects on sexual function. The research also analyzes many aspects of testosterone and regulation of circadian rhythms and effects on sexual function and tries to gauge its effect effects on sexual function. Finally the research describes various factors which are responsible for testosterone and regulation of circadian rhythms and effects on sexual function and tries to describe the overall effect of testosterone and regulation of circadian rhythms and effects on sexual function effects on sexual function.

Testosterone and Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Effects on Sexual Function

Introdcution

The Association Between testosterone and human aggression has been the focus of considerable research. but there are few empirical data on the influence of therapeutic doses of T on male aggressive behavior. The application of T to eugonadal men for male contraception and to men with nonclassical hypogonadism associated with HIV infection, osteoporosis, aging, renal failure, or rheumatoid arthritis has prompted renewed scientific interest in its possible physical and psychological influences. Although the effects of exogenous T on physical functions are well documented. much remains to be learned about the behavioral effects on aggression, mood, and sexual function. (Zhang 1999)

The growing literature on androgenic anabolic steroid usage suggests that some users can develop bouts of aggression known as steroid rage, mood disturbance, hypomania, irritability, and depressive episodes. However, AAS abusers typically expose themselves to extremely high doses, (e.g. between 600 and 1000 mg T per week) often combined with other poorly documented anabolic agents. Furthermore, the mental states of AAS abusers cannot be regarded as typical of the general male population. The data, scientific or otherwise, from AAS studies cannot therefore be extrapolated to the controlled use of T for well-defined clinical indications. In the latter situations, findings relating to therapeutic or physiological dosages of T have yielded conflicting results, which have proved difficult to interpret owing to differences in experimental manipulations and in outcome variables. (Wu 1982)

Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group and is found in mammals, reptiles, birds, and other vertebrates. In mammals, testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the ovaries of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid.

In men, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as the testis and prostate as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle, bone mass, and the growth of body hair. In addition, testosterone is essential for health and well-being as well as the prevention of osteoporosis.

On average, an adult human male body produces about ten times more testosterone than an adult human female body, but females are more sensitive ...