At its most basic level, evidence is anything that tends to prove or disprove an alleged fact. Most evidence can be divided into three broad categories: direct evidence, indirect evidence, and physical evidence. This paper discusses evidence based policing in a concise and comprehensive way.
Evidence Based Policing: A Discussion
Direct evidence establishes an element of a crime through an eyewitness account, confession, or anything observed (including writings and audio, video, or digital recordings of observations). Indirect evidence is based on inference and deductive reasoning (e.g., a smoking gun indicates the weapon has been fired and ...