CRITICAL THEORY & INDIAN CALL CENTERS

Critical Theory & Indian Call Centers

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Critical Theory & Indian Call Centers

Introduction

Critical Management Studies comprises of theoretically informed critiques of management, business and organization and these critics make sound remarks about different traditional perspectives of management, business and organization. Critical Management Studies encompasses critical theory and post - structuralism writings. The global expansion of business schools, especially in Europe, has led to important development in its simulation. With the immense progress in business studies, came different theoretical tools and political perspectives which was followed by a sheer debate on politics of managerialism and to relate it with neo liberalism. A number of theories by famous historians further add to the concept and explanation of the Critical Management Studies (Hull, 2011: 139-142).

In the contemporary world, the need to establish effective management and leadership within an organization is highly imperative. This is mostly associated with the fact that there is increased competition in the market and the ability of a company's management in coming up with effective strategies is strong determinant for its survival. Even in organizations which are not commercially oriented, the need for effective management and leadership cannot be underestimated; given that the survival of such organizations is determined the quality of management and leadership. A study of the critical perspectives of management and leadership would establish how managers and leaders are viewed as far as the success of an organization is concerned. What leaders are expected to do and critical modes of leadership adopted by managers and leaders.

While leadership and management are both used in defining group conduct in a professional or cultural setting, the two concepts differ greatly. It is however notable that leadership is a facade of management. Leadership is the art of influencing people's behaviour, attitude and opinions; and creating an environment that makes them follow a chosen direction willingly. Leadership mostly involves setting of goals, visions and planning strategy. Management on the other refers to the effective coordination and utilization of resources in order to meet set goals and objectives. It encompasses controlling people (labour) and other resources such as capital, materials, plant and machinery to ensure maximum efficiency.

Critical Theory

In order to better understand the Critical Management studies, we need to look into the concept of Critical Theory. Critical theory incorporates social sciences and humanities and takes into consideration two different meanings with different origins and histories: one has taken roots from sociology and the other relates to literary criticism. Shedding light upon the sociology context, critical theory amalgamates the opinions and influences of Marxist theory (Western Marxism) developed in the 1930s and it also steers into the non-Marxist influences i.e. the work of Sigmund Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche. The theory has been further explained with various theorists' theories. Some of the theorists that add upon the theory's core functions are Max Weber, Karl Marx and Jurgen Habermas (Bohman, 2011).

Roots of Critical Theory

The roots emerged from the Frankfurt School of thought which also refers to neo ...