Criminal prosecution usually begins with an arrest. In some cases, arrest is the culmination of a police investigation in other cases, this can occur with minimal police investigation. Either way, the way the police investigates the suspects and gather evidence is almost always a problem in a criminal case (Israel, Kamisar & Wayne 2003).
During an arrest, a suspect is informed of his Miranda rights. These include the right to remain silent and the right to a lawyer. After the arrest, the accused is subjected to a cursory search for ...