Candellini Inc.

Candellini Inc.

(a) Ethical Theories

Toxicology is simply the science of poisons. If you look at toxicological data for baking soda, table salt, and cyanide, you may be surprised to find that all of them have lethal doses. However, cyanide is extremely toxic and can be fatal at very low exposure levels. The two food materials have very-low-level toxicity, and large quantities are required for adverse systemic effects. It is important to know the degree or severity of toxicity in order to assess the hazard and develop safe material handling procedures.

Another important factor is the way one may be exposed to a specific workplace chemical. Most of us think of poisons as being eaten or ingested (called oral exposure). However, toxic materials can also enter the human body through the skin (dermal exposure) or via the lungs (inhalation). In industrial situations, inhalation and dermal exposures are often the primary concerns. Most workers know they should not eat workplace materials but may not think about problems that result from smelling or touching them.

According to OSHA, there were 5,659 alleged employer violations of these rules during the last fiscal year, and OSHA assessed $1,163,468 in penalties on these companies. While manufacturing companies lead other industry types in these OSHA safety violations, all kinds of firms throughout the nation have been cited.

(b) Altering Chemical Ingredients of Candellini

Unfortunately, most ingredients we use for our products are toxin agents, therefore we need to change our strategy gradually as if we directly change our strategy we might loose business or might be in loss due to cost increase.

This is particularly true of smaller companies that may not have designated safety coordinators or whose ingredients have only limited safety experience for chemical hazards. In the chemical industry especially Candles manufacturers, smell and sight become major tools.

Several new studies are suggesting links between chemicals used in plastics and health problems, including childhood asthma and lung cancer. One study published in a U.S. government journal found that phthalates used in vinyl products, cosmetics and other household goods are linked to childhood asthma, while a report from the San Francisco-based Lung Cancer Fund said studies show an increasing connection between chemical exposure and lung cancer.

Although multiple factors likely are responsible for the increases in allergies and asthma that have been documented in developed countries over the past 30 years, it is striking that these increases have occurred during a period when plasticized products have become ubiquitous in the homes, schools, and workplaces of the developed world. The report said radiation exposure is the best-established environmental cause of cancer and TB, but said that phthalates, bisphenol A and other chemicals used in making plastics and Candles can mimic hormones and may contribute to TB and cancer.

The report said researchers have speculated that widespread exposure to BPA and other chemicals may help explain the increase in TB and cancer in industrialized countries.

But an official with the American Plastics Council's polycarbonate unit said other studies dispute the BPA connection with breast ...