Business Management

by

Table of Contents

CHAPTER # 1: INTRODUCTION2

Background2

Problem statement3

Purpose3

Rationale of the study3

Aims and objectives5

CHAPTER # 2: LITERATURE REVIEW6

Postcolonialism (in brief)7

Towards a postcolonial critique of IBMS10

Conditions for the emergence of IBMS10

Political knowledge25

Business, imperialism and globalization30

Towards a reconfigured research practice in IBMS33

The influence and extent of globalization and international business36

Theory and hypotheses38

International relational exchange and relationship specific investments38

Performance and relationship specific investments40

Relationship specific investments and institutional impediments42

Relationship specific investments and exchange of knowledge and information44

CHAPTER # 3: METHODOLOGY48

The sample48

Data Collection49

Model estimation50

CHAPTER # 4: FINDINGS52

Development of measures52

Measurement of performance54

The measurement of the specific investment costs57

Measurement of institutional barriers57

Measurement of knowledge and information57

Control measurements58

Uni-dimensionality structures58

Reliability58

Discriminant Action59

Measurement model fit method59

Check Results59

CHAPTER # 5: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION64

Assumptions65

Political assumptions68

Conclusion74

REFERENCES76

APPENDIX87

Chapter # 1: Introduction

Background

An important event in the context of the general trend of internationalization has an increasingly active role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the attention of a number of international researchers of the economy (eg been played attracted [Chetty et al., 2006], [Lu and Beamish, 2001], [Oviatt and McDougall, 2005] and [Zhou et al., 2007]). Internationalization provides opportunities for growth and productivity for small businesses. To realize these opportunities SMEs often have to make investments in international business relationships (Blankenburg Holm, Eriksson and Johanson, 2005). SMEs are usually financial and administrative resources are limited (Buckley, 2005), and therefore it is particularly important that the conditions for specific investments (Rishis) of small and medium-sized enterprises, and the enforcement of these ([Jarillo, 2008] and [ Oviatt and McDougall study, 2005]). Relationship specific investments are defined as investments are not easily translated into other relationships ([Klein et al., 1978], [Subramani and Venkatraman, 2003] and [Williamson, 1985]).

Problem statement

The uncertainty in participating in international business is good in the international literature of business processes (eg Johanson & Vahlne, 1977). For example, foreign institutional conditions are not easily interpreted by the firm (Pfeffer and Salancik, 1978). We also know that disadvantage foreign firms with local firms in terms of understanding local conditions and specific aspects of doing business in this market (in comparison [Barkema et al., 2006], [Hymer, 1976] and [Zaheer, 2006]) .

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine how affect institutional constraints and the amount of knowledge and information exchange with foreign business Rishi internationalization of small and medium-sized businesses and the performance results of these investments.

Rationale of the study

International business means that companies with operations in countries that are involved more or less different from their domestic markets. Countries differ in their requirements of quality standards for products and their norms and values (ie, what social rules of business will be accepted). Rules, norms and values are parts of the country's institutions ([Kostova and Zaheer, 2005], [North, 1990] and [Scott, 2006]). Economic theory defines institutional agencies, the limitations of human beings are designed to shape human interaction ([North, 1990] and [North, 2005]). The establishment of a governance structure in which the management of activities (Williamson, 1985) implement and interpret the institutions, and act accordingly. Thus influence the macro-level institutional constraints of the company decision-making at the micro level (eg Scott, ...