It was made quite popular by Norton and Kaplan. BSC is a management device which gives a holistic vision of the business or company measures. BSC is a tool for reporting that demonstrates the financial as well as non-financial metrics of any company. The BSC is a particular report comprising of generally 4 perspectives. The design is to observe not just the non financial but also the financial parameters which are important to a company's achievement (Kaplan & Norton, 1992, pp. 71-79).
The 4 perspectives are given away in the figure below.