BOOK REVIEW

Critical Book Review of “Criminal Enterprise: Individuals, Organisations and Criminal Responsibility” by Christopher Harding (2007)

Critical Book Review of “Criminal Enterprise: Individuals, Organisations and Criminal Responsibility” by Christopher Harding (2007)

Introduction

“Criminal Enterprise: Individuals, Organisations and Criminal Responsibility” is the famous book of the well known writer Christopher Harding (2007). This book reveals important theories and facts about the filed of criminal liability, considering the relevant roles of the individuals and the organizations. It discusses the ethical implications of the criminal enterprises which have the significant impact over the corporate actors in the filed of business activity, states and governments. The book mainly focuses over the three particular issues:

The theories of the individual and corporate responsibility

Legal personality attributions

Complex organization's internal practices, that how such organizations construct legal agency in the filed of criminal law.

Discussion

The book briefly discusses that Criminology is defined as the scientific study of crime and criminal behaviour, and law enforcement body of information pertaining criminal behaviour, and crime as social occurrence. The scope of criminology entertains the procedure of making laws, breaking laws and act in response towards breaking the laws. Criminology if taken in broader aspect, it covers the whole science of crimes where as when contracting, it refers to the particular part of the criminal science which pragmatically explains the behaviour of the criminal and investigates the individual and the social aspects linked with the crime.

The responsibility of international organizations is established as the conventions on nuclear liability in cases where international organizations act as operators of nuclear facilities or operators of nuclear ships. International organizations are responsible for failure to comply with statutory and other responsibilities of their authorities and international officials for the damage.

Criminal victimization is one of the leading competitive issues facing business. As business profit margins have declined in a competitive global marketplace, the pressure to stem losses attributed to crime has become more pressing. However, much of the research on business crime identifies a dearth of systematic data. Researchers have also noted a reluctance of business operators to deal with crime victimization issues in the open (Christopher 2007, pp. 5).

The liability of legal persons does not replace the criminal responsibility of individuals. The law is a device responsibility at three levels (individual, officers, and corporation) that attempts to dissuade individuals grouped within the company to use this last to indulge in crimes and misdemeanours. The State is unable to observe, and thus suppress all illegal activities that lead criminals to use the banking and financial system.

Offences attributable to corporations are limited by two conditions: the principle of specialization and the incorporation of the deed to the corporation. The principle of specificity is defined as the liability of legal persons by providing that only a textual provision defining the offence may commit it, the quantitative development of these specific provisions is gradual but can already hold a minimum, in fact other non-criminal texts as the labour retain the liability of legal persons.

Book portrays that the crime against business is a serious public ...